ArticleDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2025
HBV, HCV, and HDV Triple-Infection-A Therapeutic Challenge.
Article in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- From Diagnosis to Durability: A Review of the European Bulevirtide Experience and Practical Learnings for CHD Management.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Review
- Review
- Evolution of Liver Fibrosis in Romanian HCV Patients Following Treatment with Direct-Acting Antivirals.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Direct-Acting Antivirals on Extrahepatic Manifestations in Chronic Hepatitis C: A Narrative Review with a Hermeneutic Approach.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis article aims to harmonize the current data from the literature, describe baseline severity, and discuss potential treatment considerations for cases of triple infection. PATIENTS AND
methodsWe undertook a retrospective, observational study on 1244 patients with viral hepatitis study subgroups: chronic replicative hepatitis with HCV-679 patients, HBV-98 patients, HBV/HCV-25 patients, HBV/HDV-14 patients, and 2 patients with triple-infection (HBV, HCV, and HDV), hospitalized in the Second Department of "Sf. Cuv. Parascheva" Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital of Galați, Romania, between 1 April 2017 and 1 March 2025.
resultsComparative analysis of biochemical parameters and liver fibrosis-at the initial testing-i.e., at the beginning of the specific antiviral therapy-with direct-acting antivirals on HCV (DAAs) or nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs): Entecavir (ETV) or Tenofovir Disoproxyl fumarate (TDF), for HBV, Bulevirtide (BLV) for HDV-revealed clinical forms with higher severity in the case of triple and double infections, in comparison to individuals who have had only one hepatotropic virus infection.
conclusionsCompared to patients with a single hepatotropic viral infection, those with a double or triple infection had more severe hepatic damage. Concomitant therapy with Bulevirtide, DAAs, and NUCs is possible and the therapeutic results from clinical studies, with single-infection patients showing great potential for improving the prognosis of these patients.
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Registered trials
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