Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40558429›Full record

ArticleBiosensors2025

Novel Device for Intraoperative Quantitative Measurements of Extraocular Muscle Tensile Strength.

Hyun Jin Shin, Minung Park, Hyunkyoo Kang, Andrew G Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biosensors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hyun Jin ShinDepartment of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-3563-8042
Minung ParkDepartment of Mechatronics Engineering, Konkuk University Glocal Campus, 268 Chungwondae-ro, Chungju-si 27478, Republic of Korea.
Hyunkyoo KangDepartment of Mechatronics Engineering, Konkuk University Glocal Campus, 268 Chungwondae-ro, Chungju-si 27478, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-9664-1563
Andrew G LeeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2473-299X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the tensile properties of extraocular muscles (EOMs) is crucial for successful strabismus surgery and accurate predictions of surgical outcomes. Assessments of EOM tensile strength are traditionally highly dependent on the expertise of the ophthalmic surgeon, since they involve manually pulling the EOM in opposite directions. This approach only provides subjective measurements that are not quantifiable. Previous quantitative approaches have utilized various devices such as implanted force transducers or dial tension gauges connected to muscle tendons with nylon sutures, but these methods are complex and so are rarely used outside of research settings. Consequently, the goal of this study was to create a quantitative and clinically applicable device for assessing EOM tensile strength. This developed device uses a strabismus hook connected to a strain gauge load cell that measures the tensile force and includes a tilting sensor to ensure that the hook is pulled at a consistent angle when a force is applied. The performance of the device was tested on 22 EOMs in 11 patients with intermittent exotropia during surgery for resecting the medial rectus (MR) and recessing the lateral rectus (LR) under general anesthesia. The measured tensile strengths of the MR and LR were 284.9 ± 58.3 and 278.3 ± 64.6 g (mean ± SD), respectively. In conclusion, the novel device developed in this study for quantitative measurements of EOM tensile strength in clinical settings will facilitate understanding of the pathophysiology of strabismus, as well as of the mechanical properties of the EOMs, and enhance the precision of surgical interventions.

Indexed as

Oculomotor MusclesTensile StrengthAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedStrabismusextraocular musclesmuscle tensionquantitative measurementsstrabismustensile strength

Identifiers

PMID40558429
PMCPMC12191013

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.