Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40556618›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental rheumatology2025

Infections preceding diagnosis associated with myositis phenotypes in a national patient registry.

Takuma Ohnishi, Jesse Wilkerson, Nastaran Bayat, Payam N Farhadi, Abdullah Faiq, Charles F Dillon, Adam Schiffenbauer, Christine G Parks, Hermine I Brunner, Bob Goldberg and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental rheumatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Takuma OhnishiEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Jesse WilkersonDLH, LLC, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nastaran BayatEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and DLH, LLC, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Payam N FarhadiEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Abdullah FaiqEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Charles F DillonEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Adam SchiffenbauerEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Christine G ParksChronic Disease Epidemiology Group, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, USA.
Hermine I BrunnerDivision of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Bob GoldbergThe Myositis Association, Columbia, MD, USA.
Frederick W MillerEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Lisa G RiderEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. riderl@mail.nih.gov.

Funding

Environmental/genetic Risk Factors and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune DiseaseZIAES101074 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI RIDER, LISA · 2009 to 2025
$34.6M
Environmental Exposures And Risk For Cancer and Chronic Diseases In AdultsZ01ES049028 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SANDLER, DALE P · 1997 to 2008
$284k
SCIENTIFIC, OPERATIONS, AND ADMINISTRATIVE RESOURCES (SOAR) TO NIH.75N95021D00012 · NIDA · KELLY SERVICES, INC. · PI SPROSE, SARA · 2021 to 2021
$57k
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 ES049028Intramural NIH HHS ZIA ES101074NCCDPHP CDC HHS H75 DP001743NIDA NIH HHS 75N95021D00012NIEHS NIH HHS HHSN273201600011C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe investigated the association of antecedent infections with clinical subgroups and phenotypes in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs).

methodsAdult IIM patients (362 with dermatomyositis (DM), 250 with polymyositis (PM), and 256 with inclusion body myositis (IBM)) enrolled in a national myositis patient registry. One hundred thirty-four patients had symptoms of lung disease plus fever and/or arthritis (LD+), and 103 with systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease-associated overlap myositis (OM). Self-reported infections and antibiotic usage within 12 months prior to IIM diagnosis were examined. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated across IIMs. LD+ and OM analyses were performed excluding IBM patients.

resultsInfections before IIM diagnosis were more frequent in DM and PM than IBM. Febrile illness and gastroenteritis were more frequent in DM than IBM (OR 2.82 and 3.30, respectively), and in PM than IBM (OR 3.27 and 3.26, respectively). Patients with LD+ and OM had higher odds of reported infections than those without these phenotypes, with pneumonia the most strongly associated infection (OR 5.26 95% CI 2.59-10.71 in LD+, OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.25-6.06 in OM). Antibiotic usage within 1 year before diagnosis did not differ among DM, PM and IBM patients, nor in OM. Antibiotics were used more frequently used in patients with LD+ compared to no LD, but this was attenuated after adjusting for infections.

conclusionsAntecedent infections, particularly respiratory and gastrointestinal infections may contribute to adult IIM phenotypes. Pneumonia showed the strongest association with myositis phenotypes accompanied by frequent lung disease.

Indexed as

InfectionsMyositisPolymyositisAdultAgedAnti-Bacterial AgentsDermatomyositisFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioPhenotypeRegistriesRisk FactorsTime FactorsAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID40556618
PMCPMC12619962

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.