Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40555968›Full record

Trial reportInternational journal of behavioral medicine2026

Leveraging Behavioral Sciences to Augment Voluntary Blood Donation in China: A Randomized Control Trial and Latent Class Analysis.

Bo Li, Caixia Wu, Zhong Liu, Stephen W Pan

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in International journal of behavioral medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Bo LiWisdom Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Caixia WuDepartment of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Zhong LiuDepartment of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Stephen W PanWisdom Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China. stephen.pan@utsa.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3612-7508

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 7211101098
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChina is facing a blood shortage crisis and needs to increase its voluntary blood donation rates. Since current programs to promote blood donation may not be sufficient to meet the rising demand, innovative approaches are needed. Behavioral sciences can provide useful insights for developing behavioral interventions to enhance blood donation. However, there have been few empirical studies to evaluate the efficacy of such interventions across different potential and existing donor subgroups.

methodThis randomized controlled trial and latent class analysis (LCA) empirically evaluated the effect of online behavioral interventions on blood donation willingness, intention, and behavior on different donor subgroups in China. In 2022, 3280 participants of diverse sociodemographic characteristics in mainland China were recruited through an online survey platform and completed a baseline survey. Participants were randomized to one of five online interventions (stimulating individual standards of fairness, using eye cues to prime individuals, self-imposed penalties for goal failure, presenting blood shortage statistics in China, and a World Health Organization blood donation poster) in the middle of the survey and were provided information on where to donate blood at the end of the survey. To measure post-intervention blood donation, participants were invited to complete a follow-up survey 3 to 4 weeks after the baseline survey. Six donor subgroups were identified using LCA, and differential treatment effects on actual blood donation were assessed using regression analysis based on a classify-analyze approach.

resultsOur results showed that presenting blood shortage statistics was the most effective intervention for increasing blood donation among a subgroup of respondents characterized by high educational attainment, while three out of six classes had low donation rates regardless of the intervention.

conclusionTargeted, online intervention campaigns show promise in efficiently augmenting voluntary blood donation rates in China.

trial registrationChiCTR2200060481 (Chinese Clinical Trials Registry).

Indexed as

Blood DonorsAdolescentAdultBlood DonationChinaFemaleHumansIntentionLatent Class AnalysisMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultAltruismBlood donorEconomics, BehavioralHealth behaviorHealth belief modelInternet-based interventionWatching eyes

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.