ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2025
Community-Engaged Qualitative Study on Supporting Transgender and Gender-Diverse Standardized Patients in Medical Simulation.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Virtual patients in medical education: a bibliometric analysis based on the wos core collection and scopus databases.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTransgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals experience high rates of adverse physical and mental health outcomes, in part due to negative healthcare experiences that discourage healthcare utilization. Affirming practices by providers can mitigate this distress, but medical education to build these skills is limited. Medical simulation offers an opportunity to enhance affirming communication, but best practices in supporting TGD standardized patients (SPs) are lacking.
objectiveThis study sought to develop a preliminary guideline on recruitment, portrayal, and support of TGD SPs.
designWe utilized a modified Delphi technique to identify consensus guidelines for medical simulation programs incorporating TGD individuals as standardized actors in simulation scenarios.
participantsFifty TGD community members and parents of TGD children in Middle Tennessee provided embodied knowledge. APPROACH: We administered a survey examining participants' perspectives on recruitment, casting, and supporting TGD SPs in medical simulations. Thematic analysis was used to derive guideline statements, which were refined using participant feedback over two additional survey rounds. KEY
resultsOur sample consisted of 50 participants (96% TGD). We derived 44 guideline statements related to recruitment, casting, and supporting TGD SPs. Participants recommended recruitment of prospective TGD SPs through established venues holding trusted relationships with the TGD community, honestly conveying the benefits and drawbacks of this work. A gradient of acceptable casting decisions emerged, anchored by the gender identity of the simulated patient, to ensure shared lived experiences between an SP and their cast role. Participants offered strategies throughout simulation encounters to enhance TGD SPs' agency, facilitate psychological safety, and process emotions to improve simulation programs' support of TGD SPs.
conclusionsWe utilized a modified Delphi technique with TGD community members to derive a consensus guideline to support TGD SPs. Our study addressed key unresolved questions in the literature, particularly around recruitment and casting, with a high level of agreement.
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Registered trials
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