ArticleBurns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries2025
Persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome and sepsis in pediatric burns.
Article in Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Infections in Burn Patients: Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Contemporary Therapeutic Strategies in the Era of Antimicrobial Resistance.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Catabolism Syndrome and Serious Infections in Burn-Injured Adults: A Retrospective Single-Center Study from 1997 to 2023.Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association · 2026Article
- Targeting Immune Dysregulation After Burn Injury for Improved Healing and Outcomes.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- The Scalp as a Donor Site in Pediatric Burns: Systematic Review of the Literature and Proposal of a Management Algorithm.European burn journal · 2026Review
- Pediatric Critical Illness, Immunometabolism and Cardiovascular Risk: A Narrative Review.Minerva pediatrics · 2026Article
- Longitudinal biomarker trajectories and their prognostic utility for 21-day mortality in burn patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Hypermetabolism and Lipid Alterations Postburn: A Cardiovascular Perspective.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the prevalence of persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PIICS) and associated sepsis in children with burn injuries at a single, large institution over the past 25 years.
backgroundDespite advances in care, sepsis after burn injury continues to have a significant contribution to morbidity and mortality. This risk is compounded by an altered immune state after burn injury that can induce PIICS. While the presence of this dysregulated immunophenotype in pediatric burns is widely accepted, it remains poorly characterized.
methodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of pediatric burn injuries utilizing an institutional database with de-identified patient records (1997-2023).
resultsIn the cohort of 287 patients, the overall prevalence of sepsis and PIICS among burn-injured children was 30 % and 15 %, respectively. The presence of inhalation injury and the total body surface area (TBSA) burned were both strongly associated with the development of sepsis and PIICS. While those with PIICS had more infections per patient compared to patients without PIICS, there was no difference in the pathogen profile between the two groups. Having PIICS itself was independently associated with the development of sepsis, and among the laboratory and clinical criteria, we found that lymphopenia had the strongest association.
conclusionPIICS occurred in approximately 1 in 6 pediatric patients with burn injury. The development of PIICS is closely associated with the development of sepsis during hospitalization. Among the laboratory and clinical criteria, lymphopenia was most strongly associated with a septic event, suggesting that its presence should heighten concern about the development of serious infections in this vulnerable population.
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