Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40553221›Full record

ArticleJournal of fluorescence2025

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Sensitive Fluorescence-Based Urea Detection in Soil.

Numy Eranikkal, K R Riyamol, Hajera Shafaf, Mohammad Nawshad, Muni Raj Maurya, Anwarul Hasan, Probir Das, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of fluorescence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Numy EranikkalCenter for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
K R RiyamolCenter for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Hajera ShafafCenter for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Mohammad NawshadCenter for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Muni Raj MauryaCenter for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Anwarul HasanDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Probir DasCollege of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
Kishor Kumar SadasivuniCenter for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. kishorkumars@qu.edu.qa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study presents a rapid, green, and highly sensitive fluorescence-based method for detecting urea in soil using nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CDs) synthesized via a microwave-assisted process. Citric acid and urea were used as carbon and nitrogen precursors, respectively, with optimal synthesis achieved at a 1:1 weight ratio and 9 min of microwave irradiation. The structural properties of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CDs) were studied using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) technique was used to observe the shape and size of the CDs, providing insight into their morphology. To understand the chemical composition, bonding states, and surface functionalities, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were carried out. The performance of the nitrogen-doped-CDs in detecting urea, including their sensitivity and selectivity, was evaluated using fluorescence spectroscopy. The resulting CDs exhibited enhanced fluorescence properties and a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 143 mg/gm. The method demonstrated high selectivity toward urea even in the presence of interfering metal ions, and its effectiveness was validated in soil samples under varying pH conditions. This approach provides a cost-effective, scalable, and environmentally friendly solution for real-time monitoring of soil nutrients, supporting sustainable agricultural practices through improved nitrogen management.

Indexed as

CDsFluorescence probeMicrowaveSensingUrea

Identifiers

PMID40553221
PMCPMC12718315

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.