Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40552369›Full record

SynthesisAge and ageing2025

From suspicion of cognitive decline to dementia diagnosis: a systematic review of healthcare professionals' considerations and attitudes.

Fleur C W Visser, Marleen Kloppenburg-Lagendijk, Liesbeth Hempenius, Nicolaas A Verwey, Marieke Perry, Marlise E A van Eersel, Barbara C van Munster

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Age and ageing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Primary care determinants for timely diagnosis of dementia.Family medicine and community health · 2026
    Article
  3. Natriuretic Peptides as a Biomarker of Cognitive Decline in Hypertension.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Bridging the diagnostic gap: Expanding dementia care navigation for timely diagnosis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Fleur C W VisserDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-8517-3610
Marleen Kloppenburg-LagendijkDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Liesbeth HempeniusDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Nicolaas A VerweyNeurology and Geriatric Department, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Marieke PerryDepartment of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Marlise E A van EerselDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Barbara C van MunsterDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInitiating diagnostic testing for dementia is a dynamic and complex process that often involves balancing competing interests. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of healthcare professionals' considerations and attitudes during the process from suspicion of cognitive decline to deciding to initiate diagnostic testing.

methodsDatabases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychINFO) were systematically searched on 29 January 2024 for qualitative and mixed-methods studies published since 2005. Search concepts were: 'dementia', 'considerations and attitudes', 'healthcare professionals' and 'diagnosis'. Two screeners independently conducted title/abstract-screening using ASReview (efficient and transparent systematic review machine learning framework), and full-text screening. Findings were analysed by thematic synthesis.

resultsThirty-three studies were included. Most involved primary care physicians (n = 25), primary care nurses (n = 1) or a combination (n = 7). The overarching phenomenon was that starting the diagnostic workup for dementia is a delicate process. Clusters influencing this process were: complexities arising from the nature of dementia; interaction with the patient and family; individual determinants of primary care practitioners (PCPs); expectations regarding the consequences of a diagnosis; factors related to the healthcare system; and societal factors. Together these clusters form PCPs' strategies and actions for deciding whether to start the diagnostic workup.

conclusionInitiating the diagnostic workup for dementia is a delicate process influenced by various factors including fear, reluctance and stigma. The different strategies that PCPs use cannot be captured by a single right approach. Recommendations to better support PCPs in navigating this complex process include ensuring consistent communication and clarity about their roles, and promoting interprofessional collaboration.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelCognitive DysfunctionDementiaHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth PersonnelClinical Decision-MakingHumansAlzheimer’s diseaseattitudesconsiderationsdecision-makingdiagnosishealthcare professionalsolder peopleprimary carequalitative researchtimely diagnosis

Identifiers

PMID40552369
PMCPMC12206097

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.