SynthesisFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy or antiangiogenic agent-based treatment strategies versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Toxicity profile and tolerability of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of first-line immunotherapy-related induction and maintenance therapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Complete remission of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix treated with chemotherapy of paclitaxel, carboplatin, bevacizumab and pembrolizumab: A case report.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2026Article
- Editorial: Innovative strategies for overcoming resistance in tumor angiogenesis therapies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Expanding the immunotherapy universe in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: from chemoimmunotherapy backbone to next-wave combinations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with etoposide-platinum are recommended as the standard first-line therapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Despite the potential of antiangiogenic agents to enhance treatment efficacy, the optimal combination pattern remains unclear. This meta-analysis explores existing treatment strategies involving ICIs or antiangiogenic agents in ES-SCLC. Methods: Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were generated by R software. The outcomes of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events of grade 3 or higher (Grade ≥3 AEs) were analyzed. The included trials were classified in terms of different treatment strategies, including ICI + Chemotherapy (ICI + Chemo), ICI + ICI + Chemotherapy (ICI + ICI + Chemo), ICI + Antiangiogenic agent + Chemotherapy (ICI + Antiangio + Chemo), Antiangiogenic agent + Chemotherapy (Antiangio + Chemo), and Chemotherapy (Chemo). Results: A total of 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 6,822 patients were included in the analysis. The drug combination patterns included ipilimumab, durvalumab, adebrelimab, atezolizumab, socazolimab, pembrolizumab, serplulimab, tislelizumab, toripalimab, durvalumab + tremelimumab, tiragolumab + atezolizumab, benmelstobart + anlotinib, bevacizumab + atezolizumab, anlotinib, bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy. The antiangiogenic agent-containing regimen benmelstobart + anlotinib + chemotherapy demonstrated the highest potential to achieve superior PFS and OS versus chemotherapy. The group meta-analysis also showed that ICI + Chemo, ICI + ICI + Chemo, and ICI + Antiangio + Chemo presented significantly better OS. Additionally, ICI + Antiangio + Chemo achieved better PFS with the lowest HR of 0.37 and the best ORR of 2.08 versus chemotherapy. Patients treated with benmelstobart + anlotinib + chemotherapy, durvalumab + tremelimumab + chemotherapy, and anlotinib + chemotherapy experienced a higher likelihood of grade ≥3 AEs. Conclusion: For individuals with ES-SCLC, ICI + Antiangio + Chemo was identified as an optimal treatment option due to better OS, PFS, and ORR. Benmelstobart + anlotinib + chemotherapy demonstrated a better survival benefit than chemotherapy. The toxicity of ICI + Antiangio + Chemo was acceptable but needed careful attention. These findings clarified the roles of ICIs and antiangiogenic agent-based treatment strategies in this population.
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