ArticleAnnals of medicine2025
Exploring the association between serum vitamin D levels and type 2 diabetes risk in US adults.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Role of Gut Microbiota in Bridging Vitamin D Deficiency and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Vitamin D Metabolite Ratios and Association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Youth Saudi Population.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundSerum vitamin D levels have been linked to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), but findings across studies remain inconsistent.
methodsThis study included 9,522 participants with a mean age of 43.55 ± 0.34 years, of whom 52.76% were male, from the 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with complete data on serum vitamin D, T2D diagnosis, and relevant covariates. Participants were categorized into three groups based on serum vitamin D levels: sufficient (>75 nmol/L), suboptimal (50-74 nmol/L), and deficient (<50 nmol/L). Restricted cubic spline and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between serum vitamin D and T2D risk.
resultsAfter adjusting for confounders (sex, ethnicity, age, BMI, education, marital status, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, PIR, and depressive symptoms), participants in the sufficient (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.53-0.87) had significantly lower T2D risk compared to the deficient group (
conclusionsSufficient serum vitamin D levels are associated with a lower risk of T2D, with the optimal level identified as 74.99 nmol/L. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
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