Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40551063›Full record

ArticleNeurocritical care2026

Treatment, Diagnostic Approach, and Long-Term Outcomes of Lance-Adams Syndrome.

Helena Xeros, Amra Sakusic, Jennifer E Fugate, Maximiliano A Hawkes, Eelco F M Wijdicks, Alejandro A Rabinstein, Sherri A Braksick

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurocritical care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Helena XerosDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA. Xeros.helena@mayo.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8839-0554
Amra SakusicDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA.
Jennifer E FugateDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA.
Maximiliano A HawkesDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA.
Eelco F M WijdicksDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA.
Alejandro A RabinsteinDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA.
Sherri A BraksickDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLance-Adams syndrome (LAS) is a rare neurological complication following cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Patients present with action myoclonus within days to months after awakening. There is no established first-line treatment. The objectives of this study were to describe treatments, diagnostic approaches, and long-term clinical outcomes for LAS.

methodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients seen at three tertiary referral hospitals. An electronic database was used to identify all patients diagnosed with LAS from January 1, 2010, to June 30, 2022. Demographics, diagnostics, treatments, and long-term clinical outcomes were extracted. Descriptive statistics were completed to summarize treatments, diagnostics, and clinical outcomes, which were assessed by Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) at 6 months. Symptom control was defined as minimal or no residual myoclonus causing functional impairment on activities of daily living.

resultsThirty-nine patients met inclusion criteria. A total of 25 patients were diagnosed with LAS during the acute hospitalization after their cardiac arrest, and the rest were diagnosed in the outpatient setting. The most common initial treatment was levetiracetam (n = 26; 67%) followed by valproic acid (n = 4; 10.3%). Most patients initially treated with levetiracetam (n = 22; 85%) or valproic acid (n = 4; 100%) had symptom improvement. Most patients (n = 28; 72%) required a second medication. The most common second-line agent was a benzodiazepine (n = 13; 48%). Thirty-three patients (85%) had improvement of the myoclonus over time. Thirty (77%) were able to achieve symptom control. The median time to achieve symptom control for patients diagnosed in the inpatient setting was 70 days. At the 6-month follow-up, 8 patients (23%) achieved a CPC score of 1, whereas 11 patients (30%) had a CPC score of 2. Thirteen patients (33%) attempted to wean off their medications, of which six patients (46%) were successful.

conclusionsMost patients with LAS experienced improvement of their myoclonus while being treated with levetiracetam, valproic acid, or benzodiazepines, although multiple medications and long-term treatment were often used. Half the patients attained favorable functional outcomes at 6 months.

Indexed as

AnticonvulsantsCardiopulmonary ResuscitationHeart ArrestLevetiracetamMyoclonusValproic AcidAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesAnticonvulsantsLevetiracetamValproic AcidAction myoclonusCardiac arrestHypoxic brain injuryLance-Adams syndromeMyoclonus

Identifiers

PMID40551063

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.