SynthesisInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2025
Optimizing chronic disease management through community-based pharmaceutical care for older adults in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionChronic diseases present a critical healthcare concern amid global population aging. Community-based pharmaceutical care plays a vital role in the management of chronic diseases. Nevertheless, in China, the development of community-based pharmaceutical care remains in its early stages, and there is a lack of systematic evaluation of its effectiveness.
aimThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of community-based pharmaceutical care for older adults with chronic diseases, and characterize the service models in China.
methodA comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP China Science and Technology Journal, and, WanFang database from inception to February 7, 2025. Randomized controlled trials comparing community-based pharmaceutical care with regular follow-up were included. Reporting quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool 2. Detailed information including study design, participants, and results was collected. Primary outcomes (medication effectiveness/safety, economic impact, quality of life, adherence, and medication knowledge) were analyzed through meta-analysis or reported descriptively. Mean differences or risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used for continuous and dichotomous outcomes, respectively. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. Additionally, we analyzed the service models implemented across the studies.
resultsEighteen studies with 2842 patients were included. Twelve reported that community-based pharmaceutical care improved disease control (P < 0.05). Meta-analysis of 10 studies showed that it reduced adverse drug reactions [RR = 0.37 (0.27, 0.50), P < 0.00001] and potentially inappropriate medication [RR = 0.19 (0.08, 0.44), P = 0.0001]. Four studies revealed lower medication use rate [MD = - 1.15 (- 1.67, - 0.63), P < 0.0001] and costs [MD = - 74.12 (- 99.47, - 48.76), P < 0.00001]. Seventeen studies assessed adherence, with meta-analysis showing higher Morisky scores [MD = 1.35 (0.81, 1.89), P < 0.00001] and adherence rate [RR = 1.30 (1.13, 1.49), P = 0.0001]. However, its impact on patients' quality of life yielded conflicting results. Additionally, most studies implemented multiple services such as prescription review, treatment monitoring, and patient education, and the service models exhibited significant difference across studies.
conclusionOur findings suggest that community-based pharmaceutical care in China effectively improved the clinical outcomes of older patients. However, there is a lack of a standardized service framework, and its impact on patients' quality of life needs further research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40549249What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.