ReviewActa paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)2026
The Paediatric BCG Vaccine Century: From Historical Success to Future Innovations.
Review in Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Paediatric BCG Vaccine Century: From Historical Success to Future Innovations.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Review
- BCG arthritis in a patient with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disorder (SCID): a case report.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThe tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG), protects infants against severe forms of primary TB. Yet, it does not protect against pulmonary reactivation TB in adults.
methodsA literature review was conducted between 1st January and 28th February 2025 using PubMed, Google Scholar and reports of the World Health Organization.
resultsProtection against TB includes innate and acquired cellular immunity and infants are more susceptible due to immature immunity. Immunopathology of infant TB is characterised by formation of small granulomas in the lung often followed by dissemination to other organs. Infection in adults is frequently contained until immunity is weakened and TB disease develops. Novel vaccines are being developed mostly for adolescents and adults, but two live attenuated vaccines are currently assessed in infants in Phase III clinical trials. Globally, TB remains a major health threat and countries of the global south bear the major TB burden. Today, Sweden, similar to other high-income countries, has a low incidence. General vaccination has therefore been terminated and targeted BCG vaccination is offered to infants at higher risk.
conclusionTogether with short-treatment and rapid diagnosis, novel vaccines profoundly contribute to the fight against TB in all age groups.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.