SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2025
Evaluating inhaled corticosteroids' impact on osteoporosis and fracture risk in COPD patients: a real-world evidence-based systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Corticosteroids in asthma and COPD: an inflammopharmacological perspective on molecular and genetic determinants.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The impact of current inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapies on fracture risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains uncertain. Objective: This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the risk of fractures associated with ICS use over at least 4 years, synthesizing evidence from observational studies conducted in real-world settings among individuals with COPD. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to April 21, 2025. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies conducted in COPD patients, evaluating interventions involving ICS-containing treatments compared to alternatives or no ICS use, using cohort or case-control designs, and reporting outcomes related to osteoporosis or fractures. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to explore sources of heterogeneity. Results: Nine studies (six case-control, three cohort) were included. The pooled OR from case-control studies was 1.03 (95% CI: 0.99-1.08; Conclusions: Although ICS did not significantly impact osteoporosis or fracture risk, these are common comorbidities in COPD patients. Methodological differences, such as study design, outcome definitions, and oral corticosteroids use, may influence result interpretation and contribute to heterogeneity, limiting study comparability.
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Registered trials
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