ArticleFood chemistry: X2025
Untargeted metabolomics reveals stage-specific metabolic signatures in yak colostrum, transitional milk and mature milk.
Article in Food chemistry: X, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Yak milk's stage-specific metabolic profiles remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, yak colostrum (YC) was found to contain higher levels of essential components (e.g., milk fat, lactose, lactoprotein and non-fat solids) than transitional (YT) and mature milk (YM). A comprehensive untargeted profiling was conducted using UHPLC-Q Exactive HF-X to investigate the metabolic signatures of YC, YT and YM. A total of 2005 metabolites were identified. Metabolites enriched in YC were implicated in promoting intestinal microbiota colonization and supporting neonatal immune defense and neurodevelopment. In contrast, YM exhibited a metabolomic profile associated with sustained energy metabolism and the maturation of adaptive immune responses. YT exhibited a hybrid profile containing select bioactives characteristic of both YC and YM stages. Metabolites in YC and YT showed dynamic changes associated with circadian rhythm regulation and cognitive function under high-altitude hypoxia. This study reveals lactation-stage dynamics and supports functional development of yak milk products.
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