Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40546909›Full record

ArticleEcology and evolution2025

The Adaptive Significance of Tail-Flagging: A Test in European Rabbits (

Yuqian Huang, Reuben Evan Sparke, Tim Caro

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ecology and evolution, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yuqian HuangSchool of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-846X
Reuben Evan SparkeSchool of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK.
Tim CaroSchool of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mammals are typically characterised by dull brown or grey colouration for camouflage, yet a number of species exhibit striking white underparts, including the underside of the tail, which can be facultatively displayed when the tail is raised. Nonetheless, the adaptive significance of raising a white tail by mammals is poorly understood. To investigate this, we observed 2169 escape events from wild European rabbits (

Indexed as

antipredator behaviourdefencelagomorphmammal colouration

Identifiers

PMID40546909
PMCPMC12181754

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.