Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40546272›Full record

ArticleCommunications earth & environment2025

Sea ice controls net ocean uptake of carbon dioxide by regulating wintertime stratification.

Elise S Droste, Dorothee C E Bakker, Hugh J Venables, Elizabeth M Jones, Michael P Meredith, Giorgio Dall'Olmo, Mario Hoppema, Oliver J Legge, Gareth A Lee, Bastien Y Queste

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications earth & environment, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Elise S DrosteSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3467-0083
Dorothee C E BakkerSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9234-5337
Hugh J VenablesBritish Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK.
Elizabeth M JonesInstitute of Marine Research, Tromsø, Norway.ORCID 0000-0001-7660-0238
Michael P MeredithBritish Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7342-7756
Giorgio Dall'OlmoNational Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics-OGS, Trieste, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3931-4675
Mario HoppemaAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2326-619X
Oliver J LeggeSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Gareth A LeeSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Bastien Y QuesteUniversity of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-3786-2275

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sea-air exchange of carbon dioxide in the Southern Ocean is strongly seasonal, with ocean uptake in summer, which is partly offset by carbon dioxide outgassing in winter. This seasonal balance can shift due to sea ice conditions, inducing interannual variability in the Southern Ocean carbon sink. A decade (2010-2020) of unique, year-round marine carbonate chemistry observations from the Rothera Time Series (West Antarctic Peninsula) reveals that interannual variability in seawater fugacity of carbon dioxide depends on wintertime processes. Sea ice duration controls ocean stratification, which acts as a gateway to the carbon-rich ocean interior. Consequently, years with persistent sea ice cover and high mean winter stratification absorb, on average, 20% more carbon dioxide than years with less sea ice and weaker stratification in winter. Wintertime marine observations are therefore essential to resolve critical processes and reliably quantify interannual variability of the sea-air carbon dioxide flux in seasonally sea ice-covered regions.

Indexed as

Carbon cycleMarine chemistry

Identifiers

PMID40546272
PMCPMC12176633

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.