ArticlePlant biotechnology journal2025
The clarification of two hydroxylation steps in the conversion of cholesterol to OSW-1 in Ornithogalum saundersiae.
Article in Plant biotechnology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
OSW-1 is a cholestane saponin uniquely produced in Ornithogalum saundersiae and exhibits a potential antitumor activity. The enzymes responsible for OSW-1 biosynthesis in O. saundersiae, however, remain unclear. Herein, cholesterol was confirmed to be the precursor of OSW-1 using stable-isotope labeling method. Next, two cytochrome P450s, OsCYP90B94 and OsCYP90G11, and their partner cytochrome P450 reductase OsCPR2 were mined by comparable transcriptome analysis and demonstrated to be involved in OSW-1 biosynthesis. Specifically, OsCYP90B94 catalyses cholesterol to 22R-hydroxycholesterol, which is then converted to 16β-hydroxy-22-oxo-cholesterol, a precursor of OSW-1 by the second P450 OsCYP90G11 via two consecutive oxidation reactions. Unlike their homologues, OsCYP90G11 and OsCYP90B94 displayed broader catalytic promiscuity. OsCYP90B94 recognizes both cholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol, while OsCYP90G11 can react with cholesterol, 22R-hydroxycholesterol and 16β,22R-dihydroxycholesterol, suggesting their involvement in more than one pathway besides OSW-1 biosynthesis. This study lays a foundation for the complete characterization of OSW-1 biosynthesis.
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