Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40545571›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science2026

Characterisation of serious mental illness trajectories through transdiagnostic clinical features.

Juan F De la Hoz, Alejandro Arias, Susan K Service, Mauricio Castaño, Ana M Díaz-Zuluaga, Janet Song, Cristian Gallego, Sergio Ruiz-Sánchez, Javier I Escobar, Alex A T Bui and 5 more

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In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Juan F De la HozCenter for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5584-7511
Alejandro AriasDepartment of Mental Health and Human Behavior, University of Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
Susan K ServiceCenter for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Mauricio CastañoDepartment of Mental Health and Human Behavior, University of Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1071-6307
Ana M Díaz-ZuluagaCenter for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-6017
Janet SongCenter for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3379-1104
Cristian GallegoDepartment of Mental Health and Human Behavior, University of Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
Sergio Ruiz-SánchezDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Javier I EscobarGlobal Health, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-3731
Alex A T BuiDepartment of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4702-1373
Carrie E BeardenCenter for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-923X
Victor ReusDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8193-5697
Carlos López-JaramilloDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1875-1369
Nelson B FreimerCenter for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Loes M Olde LoohuisCenter for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-7837

Funding

A Latin American biobank for large-scale genetics research on severe mental illnessR01MH123157 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI FREIMER, NELSON B., LOPEZ JARAMILLO, CARLOS · 2020 to 2025
$10.6M
Genetics of Severe Mental IllnessR01MH113078 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI BEARDEN, CARRIE E, FREIMER, NELSON B. · 2017 to 2021
$5.8M
4/4 Powering Genetic Discovery for Severe Mental Illness in Latin American and African AncestriesU01MH125042 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI FREIMER, NELSON B., LOPEZ JARAMILLO, CARLOS · 2020 to 2024
$5.3M
Training Grant in Neurobehavioral GeneticsT32MH073526 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI BEARDEN, CARRIE E, GESCHWIND, DANIEL H · 2006 to 2020
$2.4M
5/7-PsycheMERGE: Advancing Precision PsychiatryR01MH137219 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Loes Marlein Olde Loohuis · 2024 to 2026
$2.3M
Accelerating the Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder Using Genetic and Phenotypic SignaturesR00MH116115 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI OLDE LOOHUIS, LOES MARLEIN · 2020 to 2022
$747k
NIMH NIH HHS R00 MH116115NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH113078NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123157NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH137219NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH073526NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH125042
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElectronic health records (EHRs), increasingly available in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), provide an opportunity to study transdiagnostic features of serious mental illness (SMI) and its trajectories.

aimsCharacterise transdiagnostic features and diagnostic trajectories of SMI using an EHR database in an LMIC institution.

methodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using EHRs from 2005-2022 at Clínica San Juan de Dios Manizales, a specialised mental health facility in Colombia, including 22 447 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD) or severe/recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD). Using diagnostic codes and clinical notes, we analysed the frequency of suicidality and psychosis across diagnoses, patterns of diagnostic switching and the accumulation of comorbidities. Mixed-effect logistic regression was used to identify factors influencing diagnostic stability.

resultsHigh frequencies of suicidality and psychosis were observed across diagnoses of SCZ, BPD and MDD. Most patients (64%) received multiple diagnoses over time, including switches between primary SMI diagnoses (19%), diagnostic comorbidities (30%) or both (15%). Predictors of diagnostic switching included mentions of delusions (odds ratio = 1.47, 95% CI 1.34-1.61), prior diagnostic switching (odds ratio = 4.01, 95% CI 3.7-4.34) and time in treatment, independent of age (log of visit number; odds ratio = 0.57, 95% CI 0.54-0.61). Over 80% of patients reached diagnostic stability within 6 years of their first record.

conclusionsIntegrating structured and unstructured EHR data reveals transdiagnostic patterns in SMI and predictors of disease trajectories, highlighting the potential of EHR-based tools for research and precision psychiatry in LMICs.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderElectronic Health RecordsMajor Depressive DisorderPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaAdultColombiaComorbidityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSuicidal IdeationYoung Adultdiagnostic trajectoriesElectronic health records (EHRs)low-middle income countries (LMIC)natural language processing (NLP)transdiagnostic symptoms

Identifiers

PMID40545571
PMCPMC12331236

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.