ArticleBiological trace element research2026
Concentration Levels of Selected Elements in Over-The-Counter Painkiller Medications: A Comparative Study on Different Sources Using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry.
Article in Biological trace element research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Assessment of Elemental Impurities and Associated Health Risks in Common Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Using ICP-MS.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Painkiller medicines, either over-the-counter (non-opioid) or prescription (opioid), pose a risk of heavy metal poisoning, Heavy metal contamination of pharmaceuticals is a common and international issue; therefore, it is critical to regularly check their safety as they are connected to a variety of adverse health effects. The elemental concentration levels of (Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Cu, and Ni) of 32 over-the-counter painkillers medications; paracetamol (12 samples) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, specifically diclofenac (16 samples) and ibuprofen (4 samples) from four selected countries; Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Switzerland are evaluated in this research by comparing the results obtained using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with the permissible limit of elements recommended by United States Pharmacopeia (USP). The results of Pb, As, and Cr elements were most abundant in the paracetamol group, whereas Cd, Ni, and Cu had the highest concentrations in the diclofenac group. All over-the-counter painkiller medication samples have permissible limits as recommended by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) of examined elemental impurities except Pb and Cd in some tested Jordanian, Emirati paracetamol medication samples, as well as Cd in some diclofenac and ibuprofen medication samples from Jordanian, Saudi, Swiss sources. The validation parameters demonstrated positive results, including good accuracy and good correlation coefficient values (R
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Registered trials
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