Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40544168›Full record

ArticleNPJ vaccines2025

Modeling gonorrhea vaccination to find optimal targeting strategies that balance impact with cost-effectiveness.

Trystan Leng, Lilith K Whittles, Dariya Nikitin, Peter J White

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Comparing Strategies to Introduce Two New Antibiotics for Gonorrhea: A Modeling Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Trystan LengMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Modelling and Health Economics, Imperial College London, London, UK. trystan.leng@imperial.ac.uk.
Lilith K WhittlesMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Modelling and Health Economics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Dariya NikitinMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Modelling and Health Economics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Peter J WhiteMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Modelling and Health Economics, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/X020258/1National Institute for Health and Care Research NIHR200908Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 21869/Z/19/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccination for UK men who have sex with men (MSM) at increased gonorrhea risk has been advised, but not yet implemented. Effective targeting is essential for cost-effectiveness, but previously-examined approaches have disadvantages: Vaccination-on-Diagnosis has low coverage (limiting impact), and Vaccination-according-to-Risk requires asking about sexual behavior to identify at-risk individuals, which is not always feasible. We developed a transmission-dynamic model to evaluate novel strategies offering vaccination based on information readily available to clinicians (diagnostic/vaccination history, if the patient is seeking care due to partner notification). Offering vaccination to MSM who are notified partners of gonorrhea cases or were diagnosed themselves in the past 2 years averts 1.6x more cases and is more cost-effective than Vaccination-on-Diagnosis. If vaccination provides 20% protection for 1.5 years after primary vaccination and 3 years after revaccination then at £18/dose administered, all considered strategies have ≥50 and ≥90% probabilities of positive net monetary benefit compared with no vaccination with a quality-adjusted life year valued at £20,000 and £30,000 respectively, thus meeting the UK criteria for cost-effectiveness. All novel strategies considered achieve greater impact than Vaccination-on-Diagnosis without the feasibility issues of Vaccination-according-to-Risk.

Identifiers

PMID40544168
PMCPMC12182581

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.