Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40542923›Full record

ReviewCurrent nutrition reports2025

Whey Protein Nutrition in Sports: Action Mechanisms and Gaps in Research.

Dong Pan, Zidong Zhang, Na Liu, Tolulope Joshua Ashaolu

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current nutrition reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Dong PanLianyungang Normal College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222006, China. 18352808998@163.com.
Zidong ZhangLianyungang Normal College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222006, China.
Na LiuLianyungang Normal College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222006, China.
Tolulope Joshua AshaoluInstitute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewWhey protein (WP) is recognized for its rapid digestibility and rich amino acid profile, making it a popular supplement among athletes. Several studies have shown scientific evidence surrounding the physiological effects of WP but important information on its mechanisms of action in exercise performance, recovery, and immune function, optimal dosage and timing, potential side effects/risks, and future directions are necessary. RECENT

findingsThis review articulates WP's composition, types, function, and application, its mechanisms of action in exercise performance, recovery, and immune function, optimal dosage and timing, and potential side effects and risks. Moreover, future directions and gaps in research on WP nutrition in sports are carefully presented. More robust studies are warranted to optimize dosing and timing strategies in specific athletic populations, explore their genetic and metabolic variability, and assess the long-term safety of WP using novel and sustainable technologies. This will enable the scientific community to provide athletes with evidence-based, personalized, and sustainable nutrition strategies, ultimately enhancing performance and recovery.

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceDietary SupplementsSportsSports Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaWhey ProteinsAthletesExerciseHumansWhey ProteinsAthletesMuscle protein synthesisMuscle strengthSports nutritionWhey protein

Identifiers

PMID40542923

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.