ArticleEuropean journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics2025
Exploring the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Antiretroviral Efavirenz in Low Protein Malnourished Condition in Wistar Rats.
Article in European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesThe HIV infection in malnourished conditions raises the concerns with antiretroviral medications, which may worsen the already compromised physiological state. The alteration in the plasma protein binding in malnourished HIV patients exacerbates the unbound fraction of antiretroviral medications, resulting in alterations in the therapeutic effectiveness and toxicity. Thus, the present study investigates the effects of protein deficiency and protein-energy malnutrition on the pharmacokinetics of the antiretroviral efavirenz.
methodMalnutrition was induced in this study through a modified diet containing only 2% protein. The experiment involved 16 Wistar rats, divided into two groups of 8. The control group was provided with a standard pellet diet (AIN 93G) that contained 19% protein, while the second group was subjected to the low-protein (2%) diet for 90 days. Rats were fed ad libitum with their respective diets during this period. On the 90th day, efavirenz (200 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered, and pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed using HPLC analysis.
resultsThe findings indicate that the protein-deficient diet successfully created a model of malnutrition, evidenced by a significant reduction in body weight (26%), hemoglobin levels (33%), total protein (27%), and blood albumin (41%) compared to the control group on a standard diet. The pharmacokinetic analysis of efavirenz in the protein-deficient rats revealed an increase in half-life (T
conclusionThese findings indicate that the pharmacokinetic profile of efavirenz is significantly altered under protein-deficient conditions. Therefore, it is recommended that further pharmacokinetic studies be conducted in patients with protein deficiency to determine if standard dosing of efavirenz should be adjusted based on the individual's nutritional status.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40542330What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.