Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40542126›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Multiplex detection of seven transgenes for human gene doping analysis.

Nana Naumann, Carolin Do, Caren Vollmert, Maroje Krajina, Andreas Thomas, Hiu Wing Cheung, Kin-Sing Wong, Terence S M Wan, Emmie N M Ho, Mario Thevis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Angiogenic Doping: Plausible Yet Difficult to Detect.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026
    Review
  2. [Gene doping: current test methods and analytical challenges].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nana NaumannCenter for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. n.naumann@biochem.dshs-koeln.de.
Carolin DoCenter for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Caren VollmertAgena Bioscience GmbH, Hamburg, Germany.
Maroje KrajinaAgena Bioscience GmbH, Hamburg, Germany.
Andreas ThomasCenter for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Hiu Wing CheungRacing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.
Kin-Sing WongRacing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.
Terence S M WanRacing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.
Emmie N M HoRacing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.
Mario ThevisCenter for Preventive Doping Research, Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. thevis@dshs-koeln.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene doping is known as the manipulation of congenital traits by gene therapeutic approaches with the intent of illicit athletic performance enhancement. A panel prototype suitable for multiplex gene doping detection by combining multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-amplification with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis was developed and examined for its specificity and sensitivity, and its applicability in human sports drug testing programs was assessed. The panel comprises 20 assays for exon-exon-junction detection of seven human transgenes (EPO, FST, GH1, IGF1, MSTN (propeptide), VEGFA, VEGFD), which have been considered as material to routine doping controls, in one reaction. Alongside, a suitable reference material (RM) was designed and tested for its utility. An estimated LOD

Indexed as

Doping in SportsMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionTransgenesAnimalsErythropoietinHorsesHumansMyostatinSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AErythropoietinMyostatinVascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Identifiers

PMID40542126
PMCPMC12181312

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.