ArticleScientific reports2025
Impacts of commercial bile acids on growth performance, immune responses and expression genes of lipid metabolism in Nile tilapia fingerlings Oreochromis niloticus.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Abstract
The current investigation evaluated the impact of the dietary addition of commercial bile acids (BAs) on growth, nutrient assimilation, immunity, antioxidant status, intestinal and hepatic histomorphometry, and gene expression of lipid metabolism in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In a study conducted for seventy days, 180 healthy fingerlings weighing 9 ± 0.5 g were divided into 18 hapas measuring 0.7 × 0.7 × 1.0 m. The fish were fed on six meals enriched with varied amounts of BAs: 0.0 (D1), 0.1 (D2), 0.2 (D3), 0.3 (D4), 0.4 (D5), and 0.5 (D6) g/kg diet. Nile tilapia fed the D3 diet exhibited significantly enhanced growth performance, with a specific growth rate of 1.89%/day and had the greatest feed conversion ratio (1.25), protein productive value, and energy utilization (33.28%). Fish fed the D3 exhibited significantly the highest crude protein content (64.50%). Energy content varied significantly, with D1 showing the lowest value (533.34 Kcal/100 g) and D3 the highest (604.27 Kcal/100 g). D3 improved biochemical indicators, immunological parameters, and digestive enzymes of O. niloticus. Histological analysis revealed notable liver and intestinal integrity enhancements among fish receiving BA-enriched diets, especially D3. Additionally, gene expression related to lipid metabolism in liver, peritoneal fat, and muscle tissues was upregulated in the treatment groups, especially 0.2 g/kg BAs compared to the control group. Results illustrate significant modulation of lipid metabolism gene expression parameters (Adipose triglyceride lipase; ATGL, Hormone-sensitive lipase; HSL, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α; PPARα, Fatty acid synthase; FAS) by BAs treatments and were upregulated in BA-fed groups (D2-D6). Conversely, Carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1; CPT
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