Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40540476›Full record

Trial reportPloS one2025

Shedding light on the effects of conflict management training: A multi-rater assessment shines a spotlight on medical students' skills.

Fatemeh Mohseni, Aeen Mohammadi, Nasim Khajavirad, Kamal Basiri, Larry Gruppen, Mahboobeh Khabaz Mafinejad

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Fatemeh MohseniEducation Development Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran.
Aeen MohammadiDepartment of E-Learning in Medical Education, Center of Excellence for E-learning in Medical Education, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-2745-3873
Nasim KhajaviradDepartment of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Kamal BasiriDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Prehospital and Hospital Emergency Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Larry GruppenDepartment of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.
Mahboobeh Khabaz MafinejadDepartment of Medical Education, Health Professions Education Research Center, Education Development Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-9578-4172

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMedical students are repeatedly exposed to challenging situations while working with healthcare teams, so acquiring conflict management skills is necessary. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an educational intervention on the conflict management skills of medical students using self- and observer-assessment.

methodsThis educational intervention with a pre-and post-test design was conducted in 2022-2023. Second-year medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences volunteered to participate in a randomized study with a control group. The participants were divided into two intervention (12 groups of 4 each, n = 48) and control groups (12 groups of 4 each, n = 48). The intervention group was educated based on the Fogg model, and the control group was trained using conventional method. Student conflict management skills were evaluated using a self-assessment checklist and observer-assessment.

resultsThe findings of observer-assessment revealed that the post-test rating in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group, while the pre-test score in the two groups did not indicate a significant difference (P = 0.03; ES = 0.44 and P = 0.30; ES = 0.18, respectively). Moreover, the comparison between pre-test and post-test in the two intervention and control groups also showed that the educational intervention significantly increased the mean score of the post-test in both the intervention and control groups (P ≤ 0.001; ES = 0.97 and P ≤ 0.001; ES = 1.34, respectively). The comparison between pre-test and post-test in the two intervention and control groups via self-assessment showed that the skill score increased only in the intervention group (P = 0.02; ES = 0.48 and P = 0.98; ES = 0.004, respectively).

conclusionThis study found that using the Fogg model in e-learning platforms enhances medical students' conflict management skills, highlighting the effectiveness of well-designed, creative, and active model-based teaching methods.

Indexed as

NegotiatingStudents, MedicalAdultEducational MeasurementEducation, Medical, UndergraduateFemaleHumansIranMaleYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40540476
PMCPMC12180622

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.