ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2025
The relationship between occupation and specific forms of idiopathic adult-onset dystonia.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Segmental and Multifocal Isolated Dystonias: Similarities and Differences.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
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38 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe development of idiopathic adult-onset dystonia (IAOD) in different body parts is associated with specific demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as with specific risk factors.
objectiveTo investigate whether specific occupations are associated with specific forms of IAOD at onset, namely blepharospasm (BSP), cervical dystonia (CD), and task-specific upper limb dystonia (TS-ULD).
methodsData from 905 IAOD patients enrolled in the Italian Dystonia Registry were analysed. Each patient was assigned to the corresponding occupational category by specialists in occupational medicine according to the classification of the Italian National Institute of Statistics. Logistic regression models (adjusted for sex, year of birth, Italian geographical areas, and age at dystonia onset) were computed to assess the association between occupation and specific dystonia at onset, using patients who developed focal dystonia in other body parts as controls.
resultsCompared to other occupations, trades workers exhibited an increased risk for BSP at onset (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.6-4.2), cleaners for CD (OR = 3.4, 95% CI 1.2-9.9), and musicians for TS-ULD (OR = 36.3, 95% CI 11.3-117.1). The longer the duration of employment before the onset of dystonia, the greater the risk of dystonia.
conclusionsWe provided novel information indicating that exposure to specific occupations may trigger specific forms of IAOD, namely BSP, CD, and TS-ULD. The associations highlighted by this study may reflect a common pathophysiological mechanism relying on the frequent performance of repetitive movements in a specific body part.
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