Impact of Maternal Hyperglycemic and Hypertensive Disorders on Perinatal Outcomes Across the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the joint associations of maternal hyperglycemic and hypertensive disorders with adverse pregnancy outcomes across the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This retrospective study included 110,447 Louisiana Medicaid pregnant women with first-time delivery from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021. Associations between hyperglycemic as well as hypertensive disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnancy during prepandemic, early pandemic, and late pandemic were assessed by binary logistic regression. Results: The odds ratios of above adverse pregnancy outcomes were significantly higher during the early and late COVID-19 pandemic than those before the pandemic. Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and diabetes before pregnancy were associated with higher risks of preterm birth, primary cesarean section, large for gestational age (LGA), macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal jaundice, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS; all Conclusions: Maternal hyperglycemic and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, compared with maternal normal glucose or blood pressure during pregnancy, were associated with higher risks of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Interventions should be taken to help individuals achieve glycemic and blood pressure control to decrease the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic.