Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40538469›Full record

ArticleDigital health

Artificial intelligence machine learning-driven outpatient appointment management: A qualitative study on acceptability.

Kerry V Wood, Daniel Frings, Chris Flood, Nicola Thomas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Digital health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Exploring an AI-First Healthcare System.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kerry V WoodDepartment of Psychology, London South Bank University, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8523-3182
Daniel FringsDepartment of Psychology, London South Bank University, London, UK.
Chris FloodDepartment of Psychology, London South Bank University, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5170-7792
Nicola ThomasDepartment of Psychology, London South Bank University, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Managing outpatient appointments is challenging, with missed appointments wasting capacity. Artificial Intelligence (AI) machine learning-driven automated reminders offer a solution, but their success relies on patient and staff engagement, highlighting the need for impact assessment. Objective: To investigate the acceptability of AI machine learning-driven appointment management for patients and staff, identifying barriers and facilitators. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with seven staff and twelve patients. Despite scheduling efforts and incentives, practical constraints limited the sample size and generalizability. Interviews were analysed separately using Thematic Analysis, with one researcher coding and categorizing data, followed by discussions to refine themes and validate quotes. Results: Five themes emerged. Patients: ethical concerns, AI understanding, reminder efficacy, user satisfaction, and usability. Staff: AI understanding and hesitancy, barriers and drivers, technology experiences, appointment management, and sustainability. Barriers included privacy concerns, limited interactivity, fragmented integration, and operational challenges. Facilitators were perceived prediction accuracy and reminder usefulness. Patients valued usability, convenience, and reminders but sought better interactivity and integration. Staff emphasized ethics, operations, and sustainability, with motivation linked to reduced DNAs. Both valued accuracy and reliability, highlighting the need for tailored strategies. Conclusions: This study explores patient and staff perceptions of AI in NHS appointment management. Despite high trust in data security, privacy concerns, inefficiencies, and limited interactivity hinder adoption. Accuracy and convenience drive engagement. Findings highlight the need for better integration, clarity, interactivity, and accessibility to enhance user experience and AI adoption in healthcare.

Indexed as

acceptabilityAppointment managementartificial intelligencedigital healthtechnology adoption

Identifiers

PMID40538469
PMCPMC12177252

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.