Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40537731›Full record

Observational studyEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2025

A European survey on anaerobes from paediatric blood cultures: a comparative analysis with adults.

Matteo Boattini, Arianna Aceti, Paulo Bastos, Viktoria Eirini Mavromanolaki, Sofia Maraki, Anastasia Spiliopoulou, Vasileios Kakouris, Yordan Kalchev, Ana Budimir, Branka Bedenić and 76 more

Abstract readComparative StudyMulticenter StudyObservational Study
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In one paragraph

Observational study in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

86 authors.

Matteo BoattiniDepartment of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy. matteo.boattini@unito.it.
Arianna AcetiDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
Paulo BastosDepartment of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France.
Viktoria Eirini MavromanolakiDepartment of Paediatrics, Agios Nikolaos General Hospital, 721 00, Crete, Greece.
Sofia MarakiDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, University Hospital of Heraklion, 711 10, Crete, Greece.
Anastasia SpiliopoulouDepartment of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Vasileios KakourisDepartment of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Yordan KalchevDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology "Prof. Dr. Elissay Yanev", Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Ana BudimirClinical Department for Clinical Microbiology, Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispatic Street 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Branka BedenićClinical Department for Clinical Microbiology, Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispatic Street 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Zana RubicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia.
Monica LickerMicrobiology Department, Multidisciplinary Research Center On Antimicrobial Resistance, Microbiology Laboratory Pius Branzeu' Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
Corina MusuroiMicrobiology Department, Multidisciplinary Research Center On Antimicrobial Resistance, Microbiology Laboratory Pius Branzeu' Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
Emese JuhászInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Katalin KristófInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Mateja PirsInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Ivana VelimirovicInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Michael BerktoldInstitute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
Adriána LiptákováDepartment of Microbiology, Medical Faculty Commenius University and University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Adriana KrajčíkováDepartment of Microbiology, Medical Faculty Commenius University and University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Pavel DrevinekDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
Anezka GryndlerovaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
Monika Brzychczy-WlochDepartment of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Aldona Olechowska-JarząbDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland, Department of Microbiology, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
Filip BielecDepartment of Microbiology and Laboratory Medical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Małgorzata BrauncajsDepartment of Microbiology and Laboratory Medical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Edyta PodsiadlyDepartment of Dental Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, Microbiological Laboratory, University Center of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Grażyna NurzyńskaMicrobiological Laboratory, University Center of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Patrycja Zalas-WięcekDepartment of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University (NCU) in Toruń, 9 Skłodowska-Curie St, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Anna MichalskaDepartment of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University (NCU) in Toruń, 9 Skłodowska-Curie St, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Kristian RiesbeckClinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine Skåne, Lund, Sweden.
Hanna-Sofia AnderssonClinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine Skåne, Lund, Sweden.
Tone TønjumDepartment of Microbiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Johan Christian BerildDepartment of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Truls Michael LeegaardDivision of Medicine and Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Asger Nellemann RasmussenDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitale, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kristian SchønningDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitale, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Stefan GlöcknerInstitute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
Jürgen RödelInstitute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
Mohamed Tarek BadrInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - Univerity of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
Georg Alexander HäckerInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - Univerity of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
Denise StarkInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Axel HamprechtInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Anna DudakovaInstitute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Jonathan JantschInstitute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Stefano ManciniInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Chantal QuiblierInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Damien JacotInstitute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Gilbert GreubInstitute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Tiziano FernianiDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
Simone AmbrettiDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
Maddalena CalvoU.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. "Policlinico-San Marco", Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Stefania StefaniU.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. "Policlinico-San Marco", Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Rogier SchadeAmsterdam UMC, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Erlangga YusufDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Stefanie van Kleef-van KoeveringeDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.
Sarah VandammeDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.
Alexia VerrokenDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
Hector Rodriguez-VillalobosDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
François DuigouInstitut de Biologie des Hôpitaux de Nantes, Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU de Nantes, 9 Quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes Cedex 01, France.
Stéphane CorvecInstitut de Biologie des Hôpitaux de Nantes, Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU de Nantes, 9 Quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes Cedex 01, France.
Pauline FlochLaboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, CHU de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Clémence MassipLaboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, CHU de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Delphine ChainierUniversité Limoges, INSERM, CHU Limoges, UMR 1092, Limoges, France.
Olivier BarraudUniversité Limoges, INSERM, CHU Limoges, UMR 1092, Limoges, France.
Marie-Bossuète LouissaintService de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpitaux Saint-Joseph & Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France.
Assaf MizrahiService de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpitaux Saint-Joseph & Marie-Lannelongue, Paris, France.
Saied AliRegional Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland.
Maeve DoyleRegional Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland.
Clarice EganDepartment of Microbiology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, D04 T6 F4, Ireland.
Sinead McNicholasDepartment of Microbiology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, D04 T6 F4, Ireland.
Javier Colomina-RodriguezMicrobiology Service, University Clinical Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Ignacio TorresMicrobiology Service, University Clinical Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Raul Gillaranz LuengoService of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas, Spain.
Maria Nieves Larrosa EscartínDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
Maria Belen Viñado PerezDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
Ana Verónica HalperinServicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
Sergio Fuente GarcíaServicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
Rafael CantónServicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
Miguel SerucaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.
Vasco Santos MendesDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.
Dinah CarvalhoServiço de Patologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal.
Rossana CavalloDepartment of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
José Melo CristinoServiço de Patologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal.
Cristina Costa *Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
Gabriele Bianco *Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infections caused by anaerobes are common in children. However, limited data are available on bloodstream infections caused by these bacteria in Europe. A multicentre retrospective observational study was conducted over a 4-year period (2020-2023) across 44 European hospitals to analyze all anaerobes isolated from blood cultures. The study examined the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of anaerobes identified in paediatric patients, comparing the findings with those observed in adults. Among the 14,527 total anaerobic isolates, 186 (1.3%) were detected from paediatric patients. These were predominantly Gram-positive (70%) and Gram-negative (22%) bacilli. The most prevalent species in paediatric patients were Cutibacterium acnes (24.7%), Schaalia odontolytica (9.7%), Actinomyces oris (8.1%), and Bacteroides fragilis (7.5%). Relative feature importance based on the mean SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values distinguished paediatric patients and adults based on their antibiotic resistance patterns with high accuracy. Compared to those from adult patients, Gram-positive bacilli detected in paediatric samples displayed higher resistance rates for meropenem (15% vs. 9%), metronidazole (52% vs. 24%), and vancomycin (27% vs. 6%), and lower resistance to benzylpenicillin (11% vs. 17%), amoxicillin/clavulanate (9% vs. 17%), and clindamycin (30% vs. 36%). Gram-negative bacilli in paediatric samples displayed lower resistance to benzylpenicillin (18% vs. 29%), piperacillin/tazobactam (26% vs. 33%), and clindamycin (20% vs. 27%), and they were highly susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, and metronidazole as those detected in adult patients. Bacteroides species detected in paediatric and adult patients displayed high resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam (33% vs. 39%) and clindamycin (38% vs. 29%), while they were highly susceptible to metronidazole. Compared to those from adult samples, Cutibacterium acnes in paediatric patients displayed lower resistance to benzylpenicillin (none vs. 15%) and clindamycin (17% vs. 29%). The comparison of species and susceptibility profiles of anaerobes detected in paediatric and adult patients highlighted the importance of reporting antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance data by age group.

Indexed as

BacteremiaBacteria, AnaerobicAdolescentAdultAnti-Bacterial AgentsBlood CultureChildChild, PreschoolDrug Resistance, BacterialEuropeFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnaerobesAntimicrobial resistanceBacteroides spp.Cutibacterium spp.PaediatricsSepsis

Identifiers

PMID40537731

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