ArticleInternational microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology2025
Characterization and genome analyses of the novel phages targeting extraintestinal Escherichia coli clones ST131 and ST410.
Article in International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) poses a severe healthcare threat, necessitating alternative treatment strategies such as bacteriophage therapy. In this study, four lytic phages (EC.W2-9, EC.W5-4, EC.W8-1, and EC.W14-2) were isolated from hospital wastewater and characterized for their efficacy against MDR ExPEC isolates. A total of 44 ExPEC isolates were analyzed, with 41% belonging to sequence type (ST) 131 and 59% to ST410, all exhibiting MDR phenotypes. Among these, 49% produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and 86% were identified as carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CREC). Phages EC.W2-9, EC.W8-1, and EC.W14-2 displayed high lytic activity against ST131 (≥ 90% lysis) but were significantly less effective against ST410 (≤ 30% lysis). Phage EC.W5-4 exhibited intermediate efficacy, lysing 78% of ST131 and 23% of ST410 isolates. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses classified EC.W2-9, EC.W5-4, and EC.W14-2 within the Tequatrovirus genus of the Straboviridae family, while EC.W8-1 belonged to the Kuravirus genus of the Podoviridae family. These phages demonstrated favorable biological properties, including short latent periods (10-25 min), high burst sizes (115-158 pfu/cell), and stability across a broad temperature (≤ 70 °C) and pH range (3-10). Genomic analysis (46,328-116,943 bp, 35.2-39.9% G + C content) confirmed the absence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Furthermore, combined phage therapy effectively reduced planktonic and biofilm growth of MDR-ExPEC. These findings demonstrate the potential of these phages as effective therapeutic agents against MDR ExPEC, particularly ST131 and ST410, in combating antibiotic-resistant infections.
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