Observational studyNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2025
Acute and Long-Term Immune-Treatment Strategies in Anti-LGI1 Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis: A Multicenter Cohort Study.
Observational study in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antibody-Dependent Cellular Phagocytosis and Cytotoxicity in Patients With LGI1 and CASPR2 Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Optimizing the Use of Anti-CD20 Agents in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Central Nervous System Disorders: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Optimizing the Use of Anti-CD20 Agents in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Central Nervous System Disorders: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Basal Ganglia Lesion Associated With Faciobrachial Dystonic Seizures (FBDS) in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis: A Clinicopathological Case Report.Neuropathology and applied neurobiology · 2026Article
- Fifteen years of autoimmune encephalitis in Denmark: incidence, epidemiology, and trends in treatment.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Combination Versus Monotherapy in Acute Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis: A Real-World Dose Optimization Analysis.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Article
- Plasma proteome in LGI-1 autoimmune encephalitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- The Treatment of Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis: Current, Future Therapies, Unmet Need and Patient Management.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Relapse risk and functional outcomes in anti-LGI1 encephalitis: A multicenter retrospective analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Comparing the efficacy of first-line immunotherapies in autoimmune encephalitis: a scoping review.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
37 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesFew studies have evaluated acute immunotherapy and relapse prevention strategies in patients with anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody (Ab)-mediated encephalitis. The objective of this study was to analyze the outcomes of acute and long-term immunotherapy strategies in this population.
methodsWe undertook a multicenter cohort study of 55 patients with anti-LGI1 Ab-mediated encephalitis, either recruited prospectively or identified retrospectively from 10 Australian hospitals as part of the Australian Autoimmune Encephalitis Consortium. Clinical data were collected, including treatment durations of all relevant immunotherapies. Clinical outcomes that we examined included (1) time to first clinical relapse, (2) improvement on modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and (3) favorable binary composite clinical-functional outcome at 12 months. A favorable outcome was defined as fulfilling all three of mRS less than 3, a score of 1 or less in the memory dysfunction component of the Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis, and absence of drug-resistant epilepsy.
resultsRituximab, adjusted for concomitant use of other immunotherapies, was associated with increased time to first relapse (hazard ratio 0.10; 95% CI 0.001-0.85; DISCUSSION: Rituximab may be effective at preventing relapses in patients with anti-LGI1 Ab-mediated encephalitis. Acute methylprednisolone treatment may be associated with favorable outcomes at 12 months. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that for patients with anti-LGI1 Ab-mediated encephalitis, rituximab prevents relapses and acute methylprednisolone is associated with favorable outcomes at 12 months.
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