Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40537048›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of sport science2025

Breast-Related Issues in Community-Based Women's Rugby Union.

Ruby Dang, Sharon Stay, Deirdre E McGhee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of sport science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ruby DangBreast Research Australia, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1234-9474
Sharon StayBreast Research Australia, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-7315
Deirdre E McGheeBreast Research Australia, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8070-2533

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast injuries and breast pain have not been specifically investigated in women's community-based rugby union despite their high prevalence in football codes. This study investigated the prevalence and severity of breast injuries and pain and the use and perception of breast protective equipment and sports bras in community-based women's rugby union. Cross-sectional, retrospective data of 51 community-based players (age: 18-31 years; experience: 1-10 seasons) were collected using an anonymous online survey. Mann-Whitney U tests and binomial regressions were used to compare respondent characteristics with and without previous breast injuries and pain (p < 0.05). The prevalence of breast injury was 40%, moderate mode pain intensity and pain duration of 1-7 days for 45% of respondents, and 65% had bruising and swelling that lasted 1-7 days. Life-long prevalence of breast injuries was associated with increased age and greater exposure (higher number of seasons played). Breast protective equipment was worn by 11%. The prevalence of breast pain was ∼85%; pain intensity was moderate for 49% and severe for 21% of respondents. Approximately, 50% of respondents reported to not know how to identify the design features of high-support sports bras or determine if their sports bras were correctly fitted. Breast injuries and pain were perceived to negatively affect athletic performance by 90% and 56% of respondents, respectively. Community-based rugby union players have a high prevalence of breast injuries and breast pain and insufficient knowledge of breast protection and breast support. Improved management is required to maximise breast health and performance.

Indexed as

Athletic InjuriesBreastFootballAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansPainPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adultbreast injuriesbreast painbreast protective equipmentfemale athleterugby unionsports bras

Identifiers

PMID40537048
PMCPMC12178540

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.