Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40536455›Full record

ArticleKidney international2025

Preventing chronic kidney disease and maintaining kidney health: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference.

Alberto Ortiz, José Manuel Arreola Guerra, Juliana C N Chan, Vivekanand Jha, Holly Kramer, Susanne B Nicholas, Meda E Pavkov, Christoph Wanner, Leslie P Wong, Michael Cheung and 5 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Kidney international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07405216 (Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Adolescents With Persistent Albuminuria), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07405216 phase4recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Adolescents With Persistent Albuminuria: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorCentenario Hospital Miguel HidalgoRan2026 to 2027Enrolled200ConditionsChronic Kidney Disease (Mild to Moderate), Albuminuria, Adolescent, Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 InhibitorsArmsDapagliflozin (10mg Tab), Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Over 500 000 people on kidney replacement therapy in the European Union.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Randomized controlled trials in Europe: a call to action to protect national healthcare systems from the upcoming tsunami of kidney failure.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. ERA's ABCDE framework for kidney disease prevention: turning the WHO kidney health resolution into action.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Podocytopathies.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Alberto OrtizDepartment of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Red de Investigación Renal (RICORS2040) and PREVENTCKD consortium, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: aortiz@fjd.es.
José Manuel Arreola GuerraNephrology Department, Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo, Aguascalientes, Mexico; Instituto para la Atención Integral de Enfermedades Renales del Estado de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
Juliana C N ChanDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Vivekanand JhaGeorge Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, New Delhi, India; School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Holly KramerDepartments of Public Health Sciences and Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
Susanne B NicholasDepartment of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Meda E PavkovDivision of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Christoph WannerDepartment of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Wuerzburg University Clinic, Wuerzburg, Germany; Renal Studies Group, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Leslie P WongDepartment of Medicine, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, New York, USA.
Michael CheungKDIGO, Brussels, Belgium.
Jennifer M KingKDIGO, Brussels, Belgium.
Morgan E GramsDepartment of Medicine, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Michel JadoulDivision of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Katherine R TuttleProvidence Medical Research Center, Providence Inland Northwest Health, Spokane, Washington, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Nephrology Division, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. Electronic address: katherine.tuttle@providence.org.
Conference Participants

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To date, the primary focus of chronic kidney disease (CKD) care has been on managing disease progression, complications, and kidney failure. In contrast, maintaining kidney health and preventing CKD have received limited attention, despite their potential to save millions of lives, reduce health care costs, and lessen environmental burdens. The cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) concept frames CKD as part of a complex, high-risk syndrome requiring global risk assessment and multifactorial intervention. CKD incidence along with CKM risk factors may be reduced by a healthy diet, physical activity, and a supportive environment. However, risk for CKD does extend beyond the cardiovascular-metabolic component, and residual risk persists despite healthy lifestyles and treatment of risk factors. Post hoc analyses of clinical trials suggest pharmacological interventions, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, may help to prevent or regress CKD in individuals with type 2 diabetes or obesity. Clinical trials are needed to validate these findings in broader high-risk populations. Personalized strategies to improve kidney health should include CKD risk prediction via targeted testing, genetic or biomarker assessments, shared decision-making, cost considerations, selection of therapeutics, and the potential for adverse effects. The overall goals of CKD prevention should prioritize a lifespan approach to risk evaluation along with safe, efficacious, and accessible interventions to maintain kidney health.

Indexed as

Renal Insufficiency, ChronicDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diet, HealthyDisease ProgressionHumansPractice Guidelines as TopicRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitorscase findingCKD preventioninterventionsscreening

Identifiers

PMID40536455
PMCPMC12646115

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.