ArticleActa orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica2025
A new perspective on forefoot biomechanics: the dual arch structure of the metatarsal transverse arch and the trimaran effect.
Article in Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: The structure and function of the Metatarsal Transverse Arch (MTA) remain underexplored. It was hypothesized that, during the push-off phase of gait, the MTA does not form a single arch between the first and fifth metatarsals; rather, it consists of 2 separate arches-one spanning the first to the third metatarsals and the other spanning the third to the fifth metatarsals-that function like the hulls of a trimaran boat. This study aims to investigate the biomechanical role of the MTA during this critical phase. Methods: Dynamic pedobarographic measurements were utilized from 1250 adults (847 females, 403 males). Maximum pressures on all metatarsal heads during the push-off phase were recorded, and MTA arches were calculated using the SAP2000 program. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results: The mean pressure on the third metatarsal was 160.0 (minimum: 9.0, maximum: 1799.0) for the left foot and 142.0 (minimum: 0.0, maximum: 1753.0) for the right foot. The maximum pressure in both feet occurred at the third metatarsal head (left: 67.0%, right: 54.6%). There was no statistically significant difference between genders regarding the maximum load on the metatarsal heads. Conclusion: This study reinterprets the biomechanical behavior of the forefoot and MTA during the push-off phase, potentially aiding in the understanding of forefoot pathologies. Future research on children and adolescents could further illuminate forefoot biomechanics. Level of Evidence: Level III.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.