ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Tertiary lymphoid structures in esophageal cancer: a novel target for immunotherapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- B Cells and Tumor Immunometabolism: Emerging Insights into Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Resistance.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Beyond TLS Presence: A Functional Framework Integrating Maturity, Location, and Immune Context.Cancers · 2026Review
- Spatial omics study reveals molecular-cellular dynamics of tumor ecosystem in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma initiation and progression.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy resistance and strategies in malignant pleural mesothelioma.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Clinical and prognostic significance of high-endothelial venule density in regional lymph nodes of esophageal adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- TDO2-Associated Tryptophan Metabolism Correlates with Impaired Tertiary Lymphoid Structure Maturation and Reduced B Cell Class Switching in Breast Cancer.Oncology research · 2026Article
- Density and maturity ratio of tertiary lymphoid structures in stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer predict postoperative recurrence risk.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC), especially esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which is the most common subtype in China, is one of the most aggressive gastrointestinal malignancies. Traditional treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have limited success, but the study of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) has opened new avenues for immunotherapy. TLS is an ectopic immune cell cluster, including B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells (DCs), that forms in chronic inflammation such as tumors. TLS is often found at tumor invasion margins and is linked to better prognosis in EC patients, with higher TLS density and maturation associated with prolonged survival. TLS can also serve as a biomarker to assess immunotherapy outcomes. Further exploration of TLS molecular mechanisms could innovate EC treatments, especially by inducing TLS formation to improve therapy. This review summarizes the characteristics of TLS in EC, clinical findings, and the limitations and directions of current research, offering insights for future immunotherapy strategies.
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