ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Osteosarcoma immune microenvironment: cellular struggle and novel therapeutic insights.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tumor microenvironment-rearranging Nanoassemblies overcome angiogenesis-immunotherapy resistance to potentiate osteosarcoma treatment.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- A 'three-axis synergy' immunotherapeutic strategy for malignant bone tumors based on natural bioactives and bioactive materials.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Bone niche-driven antitumor immune failure in osteosarcoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Integrative machine learning and multi-omics identify a centromere gene signature and validate B3GALT4 as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma.Journal of bone oncology · 2026Article
- Integrative genomic and functional characterization of ADAMTS3 reveals its inflammatory regulation via NF-κB and STAT3 pathways in osteosarcoma.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2026Article
- Integrative single-cell and bulk analyses reveal ATF4-associated immune suppression and WNT/β-catenin signaling in osteosarcoma.Biology direct · 2026Article
- Macrophage-centered immunotherapy for osteosarcoma: mechanisms, repolarization, and translational strategies.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- Dynamic immune state transitions and metastatic niche remodelling drive osteosarcoma evolution as a barrier-restricted immune-cold ecosystem.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Re-Arming the Immunological Radar: The Translational Landscape of Dendritic Cell-Centric Nanotherapeutics and Microenvironment Remodeling for Osteosarcoma.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Osteosarcoma as a communication-driven disease: redefining tumor-bone signaling networks as therapeutic targets.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Advances in the association between tumor immune microenvironment remodeling in osteosarcoma and the risk of pathological fractures.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Nutritional biomarkers regulating tumor immune microenvironment in osteosarcoma and as predictors of immune checkpoint inhibitor responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advances in Nano-Drug Delivery Systems for Osteosarcoma: From Targeting Strategies to Combating Lung Metastasis.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Immune exclusion as a recurrent immune-escape state driving treatment resistance in osteosarcoma: insights from single-cell, spatial, and multi-omics studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy and postoperative bone defect repair strategies based on osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment characteristics: balancing antitumor effects and promotion of bone regeneration.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- LIG1 overexpression enhances DNA repair and immune escape leading to poor prognosis in osteosarcoma.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Decoding osteosarcoma from heterogeneity to precision therapy.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Exploiting B7-H3: Molecular Insights and Immunotherapeutic Strategies for Osteosarcoma.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Molecular and Glycosylation Pathways in Osteosarcoma: Tumor Microenvironment and Emerging Strategies Toward Personalized Oncology.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts in osteosarcoma: key players in immune escape and targeted therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapy have shown remarkable success across multiple solid tumor types, revitalizing interest in immune-modulating strategies for osteosarcoma (OS). Within the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), immune cells exhibit dual regulatory roles-exerting critical regulatory influences on both tumorigenesis and disease progression while simultaneously serving as therapeutic targets. Particularly in OS, the dynamic interplay between malignant cells and the unique bone microenvironment manifests through intricate immune cell-mediated crosstalk. This comprehensive review analyzes the paradoxical roles of immune cell subsets in OS pathophysiology, detailing their tumor-promoting versus tumor-suppressing functions. Furthermore, we systematically evaluate recent progress in immune cell-targeted therapeutic approaches, including adoptive cell therapies and macrophage reprogramming strategies. The review encompasses current clinical applications and emerging preclinical innovations, providing valuable insights for optimizing immunotherapeutic approaches in OS management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.