ArticleClinical neurology and neurosurgery2025
Distinct symptom recoveries based upon highest level of care in patients with sport-related concussion or traumatic brain injury and Glasgow Coma Scale 13-15.
Article in Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There are limited data directly comparing recovery across traumatic brain injury subpopulations. We compared symptom recovery profiles between patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 13-15 traumatic brain injury (TBI) from the same region in three cohorts: (1) Participants with sport-related concussion (SRC), (2) participants evaluated and discharged from the level 1 trauma center emergency department (ED), and (3) participants who required 1 + night(s) in the inpatient unit (IP). The current analysis aggregates data from two prospective cohort studies at the same institution resulting in a combined dataset of 395 patients with TBI (224 with SRC, 95 discharged from the ED, and 75 admitted [IP]). The primary outcome measure of interest was self-reported TBI symptom duration (in days). Two multivariable Cox proportional hazards models evaluated differences in symptom recovery between groups while controlling for recovery risk factors, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, acute symptom severity, psychological disorder history, loss of consciousness, and post-traumatic amnesia. The second model included only ED and IP, due to availability of additional predictor variables in these samples (e.g., education, cause of injury, peripheral injury severity). In unadjusted models, hazards of symptom recovery were lower with increasing levels of care (IP vs. ED HR=.40, p < .001; IP vs. SRC HR=.11, p < .001, ED vs. SRC HR=.28, p < .001). Controlling for covariates, longer symptom recovery in the trauma center subsamples versus SRC persisted (IP vs. SRC HR=.26, p = .018, ED vs. SRC HR=.52, p = .021), whereas differences between ED and IP became nonsignificant (HR=.86, p = .782). Acute symptom severity (HR=0.98; p < 0.001-0.010) and psychiatric history (HR=0.27-0.36; p ≤ 0.034) were independent predictors of symptom duration in both models. The results of this study suggest that patients with TBI and GCS 13-15 seen at a level 1 trauma center vary significantly in symptom recovery and severity in comparison to those with SRC, regardless of population differences in age, sex and psychiatric history.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.