ArticleJMIR research protocols2025
Effect of Live Environmental Music Therapy and Prerecorded Music on State Anxiety, Stress, Pain, and Well-Being Levels of Patients and Caregivers in the Emergency Department Waiting Room: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.
Article in JMIR research protocols, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT06510153 (Effect of Live Environmental Music Therapy and Pre-recorded Music on State-Anxiety, Stress, Pain, and Wellbeing Levels of Patients and Caregivers in the Emergency Unit Waiting Area), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Live Environmental Music Therapy and Pre-recorded Music on State-Anxiety, Stress, Pain, and Wellbeing Levels of Patients and Caregivers in the Emergency Unit Waiting Area: A Multi-Center Randomized Clinical Trial Study Protocol
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unveiling the Humanizing and Therapeutic Values of Live Music in Healthcare Settings: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Epidemiological characteristics of elderly emergency visits in Wenzhou.BMC emergency medicine · 2026Article
- The Effect of Live Environmental Music Therapy and Prerecorded Music on State Anxiety, Stress, Pain, and Well-Being Levels of Patients and Caregivers in the Emergency Department Waiting Room: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2025Article
- Effect of group music therapy on state-anxiety and well-being levels of oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy: a multi-center randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients and caregivers attending emergency units often experience elevated levels of stress and anxiety. Music has been used in waiting rooms to reduce stress and anxiety, but existing studies on music therapy in emergency unit waiting areas are scarce and have limitations such as low statistical power and limited music selection.
objectiveThe aim of this study is to determine the effect of live Environmental Music Therapy and prerecorded music on state anxiety, stress, pain, and well-being levels in patients and caregivers in the emergency unit waiting areas of 2 hospitals in Colombia.
methodsThis study is a multicenter randomized clinical trial, with 3 arms: standard care + live Environmental Music Therapy, standard care + prerecorded music, and standard care only. The primary outcome measure is the 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6). Secondary outcome measures are pain and stress levels, both measured with Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), and well-being, measured with the Well-Being Numerical Rating Scales (WB-NRSs). The scales will be applied before and after each intervention. A total of 246 patients (82 in each arm) and 147 caregivers (49 in each arm) will be randomized.
resultsData collection for this study started on September 3, 2024, and as of the submission of the study (November 2024), 216 patients and 134 caregivers have been enrolled. It is expected that the results will be available by May 2025.
conclusionsThis study seeks to contribute to improving the mental health, well-being, and quality of care of patients and caregivers in the waiting area of the emergency units. This is the first study in Colombia investigating the effect of live music therapy and prerecorded music interventions in the emergency department.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT06510153; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06510153. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/69131.
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