Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40530380›Full record

ArticleIJTLD open2025

Trends in prevalent TB among persons enrolling for HIV care before and after 'Test and Treat' across East-Africa.

N Kalema, B Musick, S Babirye, L Najjemba, P Mubiri, A Kiragga, A Ddungu, C Kasozi, L O Diero, F Odhiambo and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in IJTLD open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

N KalemaInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
B MusickDepartment of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
S BabiryeInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
L NajjembaInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
P MubiriInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
A KiraggaInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
A DdunguInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
C KasoziMasaka Regional Referral Hospital, Masaka, Uganda.
L O DieroAMPATH, Moi-University Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya.
F OdhiamboKenya Medical Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
R LyamuyaMorogoro Regional Referral Hospital, Tanzania.
B CastelnuovoInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
J MusaaziInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
C T YiannoutsosDepartment of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
K Wools-KaloustianDepartment of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
A SemeereInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.

Funding

East Africa International Epidemiology Database to evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) Regional ConsortiumU01AI069911 · NIAID · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI Leslie Anne Enane, AGGREY SEMWENDERO SEMEERE · 2006 to 2026
$57.7M
NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI069911
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn 2015, WHO recommended the global adoption of the 'Test and Treat' strategy (TTS) for all persons living with HIV (PLHIV). While TTS has improved viral suppression and reduced mortality, its impact on TB in PLHIV remains unclear.

methodsWe assessed TB prevalence trends 48 months before and after TTS among PLHIV aged ≥18 years enrolling at HIV primary care sites affiliated with the East Africa International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (EA-IeDEA) consortium. We defined prevalent TB as bacteriologically confirmed or empirically treated TB within 60 days of enrolment. We estimated monthly TB prevalence trends using Poisson (change point) model.

resultsAmong 125,647 PLHIV, 37% were male. The prevalence of TB was 8.9% (95% CI: 8.7-9.1) before and 6.2% (95% CI: 5.9-6.4) after TTS-adoption. Adjusted analysis showed significant downward trend in TB prevalence before TTS (adjusted Prevalence Rate Ratio, aPRR=0.989, p<0.001), which plateaued during TTS (aPRR=0.999, p=0.131). TB was more frequently present among males (aPRR: 2.09, p<0.001) and adults ≥25 years across both periods.

conclusionThis study highlights a plateau in TB prevalence decline during TTS and persistent disparities in TB by sex and age, underscoring the need for targeted interventions.

Indexed as

ARTKenyaPLHIVprevalenceTanzaniatuberculosisUganda

Identifiers

PMID40530380
PMCPMC12168729

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.