Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40529936›Full record

ArticleInfectious Disease Modelling2025

A tentative exploration for the association between influenza virus infection and SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shihezi, China: A test-negative study.

Songsong Xie, Yinxia Su, Yanji Zhao, Yaling Du, Zihao Guo, Xiu Gu, Jie Sun, Mohammad Javanbakht, Daihai He, Jiazhen Zhang and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Infectious Disease Modelling, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Songsong XieNHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
Yinxia SuDepartment of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China.
Yanji ZhaoDepartment of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
Yaling DuNHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
Zihao GuoJC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
Xiu GuSchool of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
Jie SunSchool of Computer Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
Mohammad JavanbakhtNephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Daihai HeDepartment of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
Jiazhen ZhangSchool of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
Yan ZhangSchool of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
Kai WangSchool of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
Shi ZhaoSchool of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The outbreak of respiratory diseases, such as COVID-19 and influenza, has drawn global attention. However, it remains unclear whether the risk of influenza A infection may be affected by the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we conducted a test-negative case-control study, and utilized a logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A infections. Among 258 eligible patient samples with influenza-like illness (ILI), we did not detect a statistically significant association between the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of influenza A infection. These findings might indicate that antibodies against COVID-19 acquired through vaccination or natural immunity have not protected against influenza.

Indexed as

ChinaCOVID-19Influenza Atest-negative study

Identifiers

PMID40529936
PMCPMC12173201

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.