ArticleSmall science2025
Biohybrid Microrobots Based on Jellyfish Stinging Capsules and Janus Particles for In Vitro Deep-Tissue Drug Penetration.
Article in Small science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Magnetic-Driven Wheel-Like Microswarms Based on Mechanical Grinding for Cancer Treatment.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Reconfigurable assembly, disassembly, and self-propulsion of microparticles via optoelectronic tweezers.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Hybrid magnetic-electric actuation for enhanced motion control and multi-surface operation of Janus microrobots.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Collective Behaviors of Micro/Nanomotor Swarms.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Magnetic Microrobots for Drug Delivery: A Review of Fabrication Materials, Structure Designs and Drug Delivery Strategies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mechanistic insights and therapeutic innovations in engineered nanomaterial-driven disruption of biofilm dynamics.RSC advances · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microrobots engineered from self-propelling active particles extend the reach of robotic operations to submillimeter dimensions and are becoming increasingly relevant for various tasks, such as manipulation of micro/nanoscale cargo, particularly targeted drug delivery. However, achieving deep-tissue penetration and drug delivery remains a challenge. This work develops a novel biohybrid microrobot consisting of jellyfish-stinging capsules, which act as natural nanoinjectors for efficient penetration and delivery, assembled onto an active Janus particle (JP). While microrobot transport and navigation is externally controlled by magnetic field-induced rolling, capsule loading onto the JP surface is controlled by electric field. Following precise navigation of the biohybrid microrobots to the vicinity of target tissues, the capsules are activated by a specific enzyme introduced to the solution, which then triggers tubule ejection and release of the preloaded molecules. Use of such microrobots for penetration of and delivery of the preloaded drug/toxin to targeted cancer spheroids and live
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.