Waiting in line for a fusion prostate biopsy-what does a patient know, fear and expect.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is among the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Recent advancements in diagnostic techniques, such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fusion prostate biopsies (PB), have significantly improved cancer detection rates; however, patient understanding of these procedures remains underexplored. Effective informed consent is essential for patient-centered care, yet patients often report feeling inadequately informed about medical procedures. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge patients acquire during the informed consent process for PB, with a focus on their understanding of the procedure's indications, potential outcomes, and available treatment options. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based study involving 177 patients scheduled for PB. The questionnaire included sections on demographic data, knowledge of the biopsy procedure, perceived risks, specific fears, and expectations regarding the biopsy outcomes and post-procedural care. Results: The survey revealed significant gaps in patient knowledge. Notably, 17.5% of respondents were unaware of their prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, over half of the participants were uncertain whether a PB could accelerate cancer development, and 61.8% believed that a biopsy always detects cancer if present. Many patients were also unaware of the potential complications and treatment options associated with the procedure. Conclusions: Significant gaps exist in patient understanding of PCa diagnostics and biopsy procedures, despite the informed consent process. Patients often lack awareness of their individual risk of malignancy, potential outcomes of the biopsy, subsequent follow-up procedures, and the advantages and disadvantages of different biopsy techniques. These knowledge deficits may impair their ability to make informed decisions about their care.