Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40528058›Full record

ReviewCurrent diabetes reports2025

Primed for Precision: A Review of the Evidence for Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in Diabetes Distress Treatments Among Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Recommendations for Future Research.

Anna Kahkoska, Gabriella Ercolino, Jacob Ortega, Angela Fruik, Laura Young, Nikki Freeman

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current diabetes reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anna KahkoskaDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2205a McGavran Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. anna_kahkoska@med.unc.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2701-101X
Gabriella ErcolinoDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2205a McGavran Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7507-7598
Jacob OrtegaCampbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8028-650X
Angela FruikDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2205a McGavran Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5543-8278
Laura YoungDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-0419
Nikki FreemanDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9905-4855

Funding

American Diabetes Association 12-22-ACE-18National Institutes on Aging K01-AG084971
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewCare guidelines recommend screening and intervention for diabetes distress (DD) as part of standard type 1 diabetes (T1D) care. The variability in how individuals with diabetes experience distress, alongside the range of treatment options, underscores the value of tailoring approaches for addressing diabetes distress. Our objective was to summarize contemporary clinical trials addressing DD directly in adults with T1D, focusing on evidence of heterogenous treatment effects. RECENT

findingsWe reviewed five studies testing diverse intervention strategies, including emotional support, telehealth, digital health platforms, and patient-centered communication. All studies were effective in reducing DD. Four studies examined the variation in treatment effects or outcomes in relation to observable participant characteristics and demonstrated heterogeneity both in the factors associated with changes in DD and factors associated with the differential impact of specific interventions. This review uncovered preliminary evidence of heterogeneous treatment effects across a range of DD-focused interventions. Gaining a deeper, more comprehensive understanding of the individuals or subgroups for whom evidence-based DD strategies are particularly effective versus less effective is needed to advance data-driven personalized treatment for DD. Future studies should prioritize diversity in enrolled individuals and advanced analytic approaches that can empirically match individuals with elevated DD to their optimal treatment approach.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Precision MedicineStress, PsychologicalAdultHumansTelemedicineTreatment Effect HeterogeneityDiabetes distressDiabetes distress interventionsHeterogenous treatment effectsPrecision medicineType 1 diabetes

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.