Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40527696›Full record

ReviewTrends in neurosciences2025

What would it take to prove that a chronic infection is a causal agent in Alzheimer's disease?

Randy R Brutkiewicz, Wei Cao, David Morgan, Roberta Souza Dos Reis, Vidyani Suryadevara, Auriel A Willette, Sara A Willette, Season K Wyatt-Johnson, Michael R Duggan

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Trends in neurosciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Randy R BrutkiewiczDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Electronic address: rbrutkie@iu.edu.
Wei CaoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
David MorganDepartment of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
Roberta Souza Dos ReisDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15263, USA.
Vidyani SuryadevaraDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Auriel A WilletteDepartment of Neurology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Sara A WilletteIAC Tracker, Inc., Ames, IA 50014, USA.
Season K Wyatt-JohnsonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Michael R DugganLaboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Funding

Research Education ComponentP30AG072931 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Henry L Paulson · 2021 to 2026
$26.5M
Immunology and Infectious Diseases Training ProgramT32AI060519 · NIAID · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI MARK H KAPLAN · 2004 to 2026
$6.0M
Puberty-related development of fronto-amygdala circuitry in anxious youth: A multimodal neuroimaging study with ultra-high resolution MRI scanner (7T) - SupplementR01MH126979 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI LADOUCEUR, CECILE D. · 2021 to 2025
$3.8M
Investigating the role of Alzheimer's disease familial mutations in neuromuscular physiologyR01AG077651 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA · PI James J Hickman, David Morgan · 2022 to 2026
$3.7M
Discovery of functionally selective Alzheimer's disease therapeuticsR01AG055072 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR · PI SCHREIHOFER, DEREK A · 2017 to 2021
$3.2M
Antiviral response coupled with transposon derepression in Alzheimer’s disease and agingR01AG074283 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI CAO, WEI · 2021 to 2025
$3.2M
Geroscience approaches to mitigate tauopathy in aged mouse brainR01AG062217 · NIA · MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY · PI GORDON, MARCIA N · 2018 to 2022
$3.0M
Interrogating the Interferon Pathway in Aging and Alzheimer's DiseaseRF1AG057587 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI CAO, WEI, ZHENG, HUI · 2018 to 2018
$2.9M
NRSA Training CoreTL1TR002531 · NCATS · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI FOTI, DANIEL JUSTIN, HURLEY, THOMAS D. · 2018 to 2022
$2.5M
microRNA miR-147 Dampens Alveolar Epithelial Inflammation During ARDSR01HL154720 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ELTZSCHIG, HOLGER K. · 2021 to 2024
$2.2M
Role of chitinase-3-like-1 (Chi3l1) in acetaminophen-induced liver injuryR01DK122708 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI JU, CYNTHIA · 2019 to 2023
$2.0M
Insulin Resistance, Biomarkers of Brain Function, and Intermittent Calorie RestrictionR00AG047282 · NIA · IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI WILLETTE, AURIEL · 2016 to 2021
$730k
NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR002531NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL154720NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI060519NIA NIH HHS K99 AG047282NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072931NIA NIH HHS R00 AG047282NIA NIH HHS R01 AG055072NIA NIH HHS R01 AG062217NIA NIH HHS R01 AG074283NIA NIH HHS R01 AG077651NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG057587NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB034184NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK122708NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH126979
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accumulating evidence over several years suggests that microbial infections (e.g., bacteria, viruses, fungi) may play a role in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this review, we discuss the reported associations between a variety of microbes and the development of AD, as well as potential causal relationships between infections and AD risk. Having evaluated the current state of knowledge, we make specific recommendations for what it would take to present definitive evidence that chronic infections play a causal role in AD pathogenesis.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBacterial InfectionsPersistent InfectionAnimalsHumansantimicrobial responsesinfectious pathogensneurodegenerative diseasesneuroimmuneneuroinflammationtherapeutic interventions

Identifiers

PMID40527696
PMCPMC12350065

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.