ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2025
What is the relationship between individual and clusters of lifestyle behaviours during early adolescence with future youth mental health? a prospective cohort study.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo analyze the gender stratified associations of individual and clustered unhealthy behaviors during early adolescence (i.e., 11 years) with internalizing and externalizing symptoms during mid- and late adolescence (i.e., 14 and 17 years).
methodsWe used data from the Millennium Cohort Study including 9127 (4642 girls) participants at 14 years of age and 6970 (3611 girls) at 17 years of age. Internalizing and externalizing symptoms were self-reported by the main caregiver using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at 11 years, 14 years, and 17 years. Depressive symptoms were estimated using the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire at 14 years. Psychological distress was assessed using the six-item Kessler psychological distress scale at 17 years. Unhealthy behaviors (i.e., low sports practice, elevated TV-viewing, daily soft drink consumption, < 2 portions/day of fruits, alcohol consumption and tobacco use) were assessed at 11years. We used negative binomial regression models, adjusting for potential confounders assessed at 11y.
resultsClustering three or more unhealthy behaviors at 11 years was associated with higher depressive symptoms (Boys: incidence rate ratio, IRR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.17–1.56; Girls: 1.23; 1.10–1.38) and peer problems (boys: 1.36; 1.17–1.56; girls: 1.22; 1.08–1.38) at 14 years in both genders, as well as emotional problems among boys. Similarly, clustering three or more unhealthy behaviors was associated with higher peer problems (boys: 1.33; 1.16–1.51; girls: 1.24; 1.08–1.42) and psychological distress (boys:1.14; 1.04–1.25; girls: 1.10; 1.02–1.30) at 17 years among both genders as well as emotional problems among boys. Despite the high prevalence emotional problems among girls in both waves, there was a linear trend of increasing risk of the outcome with the increase in the number of unhealthy behaviors. Low sports practice and TV viewing were the unhealthy behaviors most consistently associated with later mental health-related outcomes.
conclusionClustering two or more unhealthy behaviors during early adolescence was associated with higher internalizing and depressive symptoms in mid-adolescence, as well as internalizing symptoms and psychological distress in late adolescence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40526305What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.