Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40525438›Full record

ArticleCurrent medicinal chemistry2026

Association between Maternal Hypertension and Cleft Lip and Palate: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Wenkang Luan, Shujun Fan, Haojun Liang, Dongwen Jiang, Leren He

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Article in Current medicinal chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wenkang LuanDepartment of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Shujun FanDepartment of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Haojun LiangDepartment of Comprehensive Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Dongwen JiangDepartment of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Leren HeDepartment of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is still no consensus on the etiology and risk factors of cleft lip and palate, and the causal relationship between maternal hypertension and cleft lip and palate remains uncertain.

objectiveWe used two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effect of maternal hypertension on cleft lip and palate.

methodsThe MR study was performed using the statistics from the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of maternal hypertension and cleft lip and palate. Using 25 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated with maternal hypertension as instrumental variables, we employed several MR approaches, including Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), weighted median, simple mode, MR-Egger, and weighted mode. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests were also conducted.

resultsThe causal relationship between maternal hypertension and cleft lip and palate (CL/P) was identified using IVW (OR = 3.603, 95% CI = 1.184-10.964, p = 0.024). Additionally, a causal effect of maternal hypertension on cleft lip (CL) risk was identified using IVW (OR = 5.968, 95% CI = 1.023-34.819, p = 0.047). However, no significant association between maternal hypertension and Cleft Palate Only (CPO) was observed across all MR methods.

conclusionThe MR analysis indicated that maternal hypertension is causally associated with the risk of CL/P and CL.

Indexed as

Cleft LipCleft PalateHypertensionMendelian Randomization AnalysisFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansPolymorphism, Single NucleotidePregnancyRisk Factorscleft lip and palategenome-wide association studiesinverse variance weightedMaternal hypertensionMendelian randomizationsingle-nucleotide polymorphism

Identifiers

PMID40525438

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.