ArticlePhysical and engineering sciences in medicine2025
Dosimetric investigation of small fields in radiotherapy measurements using Monte Carlo simulations, CC04 ionization chamber, and razor diode.
Article in Physical and engineering sciences in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Evaluation of the small-field output factor in eclipse modeling methods using representative beam and measured data with averaged ionization chamber and diode detector measurements.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
The motivation of this study is to check the dosimetry of small field sizes used in various treatment techniques using different methods (Monte Carlo simulations and detectors). We created two Monte Carlo models for Elekta Versa HD linear accelerators using EGSnrc (BEAMnrc-DOSXYZnrc) codes. Previous studies led us to define one model with an ideal symmetry full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of 0.15 cm in the x and y directions for the Gaussian distribution of the primary electron source and redefine the other with a larger asymmetry FWHM of 0.35 cm in the X and 0.6 cm in the Y directions. We calculated the penumbra width using both models. We measured output factors using two different detectors including Razor Diode which is designed especially for small field size measurements and compared them with both models. Using these detectors aims to investigate different detector sensitivities for dose measurements. In addition, patient-specific planning quality assurance (PSQA) for four fictional cases using Elekta Versa HD with Nasopharyngeal, Astrocytoma, right cerebellum, and right breast cancers were done using an IBA-2D array and compared to the minimum segment width parameter in Monaco Treatment planning system (TPS) for (0.5 and 1) cm segment width. The results indicated that Monte Carlo simulation shows increasing in the values of penumbra width with increasing the size of FWHM for field size range 0.5 × 0.5 to 3 × 3 (in-plane: 0.33 to 0.45 for model 1 and 0.46 to 0.65 for model 2, cross-plane: 0.29 to 0.38 for model 1 and 0.44 to 0.62 for model 2). The results indicate that output factors decrease as FWHM increases. The Razor Diode and CC04 detectors show consistent results up until a field size of 1 × 1 cm
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