Comparing Myopia Control Effects of Three Different Orthokeratology Lenses and Spectacle Lenses With Highly Aspherical Lenslets in Low Myopia Children.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of three different orthokeratology (OK) lenses and highly aspherical-lenslet spectacle lenses (HAL) for myopia control in young children with low myopia, and to compare the relative corneal refractive power (RCRP) distributions among the three OK lenses with different designs. Methods: This retrospective study involved 166 children aged eight to 11 years with myopia of -0.50 to -3.00 D treated with ProTong OK lenses with aspheric base curve (APOK), ProTong OK lenses with spherical base curve (SPOK), Euclid OK lenses (EOK), HAL, or single-vision spectacle lenses (SVL). Axial length (AL) was measured at baseline and the 12-month visit. Corneal topography was measured for OK wearers to determine the distance from the apex RCRP profile to its three-quarter-peak. Results: The axial elongation for the APOK, SPOK, HAL, EOK, and SVL groups were 0.17 ± 0.14 mm, 0.25 ± 0.17 mm, 0.11 ± 0.15 mm, 0.37 ± 0.12 mm, and 0.45 ± 0.16 mm after 12 months, respectively. Axial elongation was significantly slower for the APOK, SPOK, and HAL groups than for the EOK or SVL groups (all P < 0.05); and it was significantly slower in HAL than in SPOK wearers (P < 0.05). 59.5% and 42.9% of HAL and APOK wearers experienced axial elongation of ≤0.15 mm, respectively. The HAL and APOK, SPOK and APOK, or EOK and SVL groups showed no significant differences in axial elongation. Both SPOK and APOK groups had lower 3/4X values than the EOK group. Conclusions: HAL and APOK wear, relative to EOK or SVL wear, by eight- to 11-year-old children with low myopia led to comparable yet slower axial elongation. APOK and SPOK led to a steeper distribution of the RCRP profile within the pupillary range and yielded better myopia control than EOK. Translational Relevance: HAL and APOK are recommended for effective myopia control in children aged eight to 11 years with mild myopia.