Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40520583›Full record

ReviewPerspectives on behavior science2025

A Review of Behavioral Economic Manipulations Affecting Drug versus Nondrug Choice in Rats.

David N Kearns

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Perspectives on behavior science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Intermittent and extended cocaine access attenuate cocaine-vs-food choice in male and female rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

David N KearnsPsychology Department, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 USA.

Funding

Opioid and Psychostimulant Taking: Testing the Impact of Behavioral Economic ContextsR01DA055572 · NIDA · AMERICAN UNIVERSITY · PI DAVID N KEARNS · 2022 to 2026
$1.6M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA055572
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many recent studies have investigated rats' choice between drug and nondrug reinforcers to model variables influencing drug taking in humans. As research using this model accumulates, the complexity of factors affecting drug choice has become increasingly apparent. This review applies a behavioral economic perspective to research that has used this model. The focus is on experiments that have manipulated behavioral economic variables in studies of rats' choice between drugs like cocaine or heroin and nondrug reinforcers like saccharin or social interaction. Price effects, reinforcer interactions (i.e., as substitutes or complements), economy type, and income effects are described. Results of experiments testing the impact of these variables on rats' choice are presented and analyzed. Although rats' behavior in this model often conforms well with behavioral economic principles, there have also been instances where further explanation is required. By appreciating the behavioral economic context in which rats' choice between drug and nondrug reinforcers occurs, and by recognizing that both consequences and antecedents can play important roles in this behavior, our understanding of the complexity of factors involved in drug choice can be increased.

Indexed as

Animal modelsBehavioral economicsBehavioral pharmacologyChoiceDemandDrug self-administration

Identifiers

PMID40520583
PMCPMC12162441

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.